# ============================================================================
# Hermes Agent Installer for Windows
# ============================================================================
# Installation script for Windows (PowerShell).
# Uses uv for fast Python provisioning and package management.
#
# Usage:
#   iex (irm https://hermes-agent.nousresearch.com/install.ps1)
#
# Or download and run with options:
#   .\install.ps1 -NoVenv -SkipSetup
#
# ============================================================================

param(
    [switch]$NoVenv,
    [switch]$SkipSetup,
    [switch]$SkipComputerUse,
    [string]$Branch = "main",
    # -Commit and -Tag are higher-precedence variants of -Branch for users
    # who need reproducible installs (desktop installer pinning, CI, release
    # bundles).  When set, the repository stage clones $Branch (faster than
    # cloning the full default-branch history) and then `git checkout`s the
    # exact ref.  Precedence: Commit > Tag > Branch.
    [string]$Commit = "",
    # Apply -Commit even when it would roll an existing install BACKWARDS.
    # Without this the repository stage skips a pin that is already an ancestor
    # of HEAD, so a stale baked-in BUILD_PIN_COMMIT can't downgrade a current
    # checkout. Reproducible/CI installs that genuinely want an older SHA on an
    # existing tree pass -ForceCommit.
    [switch]$ForceCommit,
    [string]$Tag = "",
    [string]$HermesHome = $(if ($env:HERMES_HOME) { $env:HERMES_HOME } else { "$env:LOCALAPPDATA\hermes" }),
    [string]$InstallDir = $(if ($env:HERMES_HOME) { "$env:HERMES_HOME\hermes-agent" } else { "$env:LOCALAPPDATA\hermes\hermes-agent" }),

    # --- Stage protocol (additive; default invocation behaves as before) ----
    # See the "Stage protocol" section near the bottom of the file for the
    # full contract.  Intended for programmatic drivers (the desktop GUI's
    # onboarding wizard, CI, future install.sh parity, etc.).  CLI users
    # running the canonical `irm | iex` one-liner never touch these flags.
    [switch]$Manifest,
    [string]$Stage,
    [switch]$ProtocolVersion,
    [switch]$NonInteractive,
    [switch]$Json,

    # Print the paths this install would use, as JSON, and exit without
    # touching anything. The first question on any "installer says a path
    # doesn't exist" report is which paths it actually resolved -- especially
    # on profiles Windows exposes through an 8.3 alias, where what the user
    # sees in Explorer and what the installer receives differ.
    #
    #   powershell -File install.ps1 -ShowResolvedPaths
    [switch]$ShowResolvedPaths,

    # --- Ensure mode (dep_ensure.py entry point) ---
    [string]$Ensure = "",
    [switch]$PostInstall,

    # --- Desktop GUI build (opt-in) ---
    # When set, install.ps1 includes Stage-Desktop in the manifest and
    # builds apps/desktop into a launchable Hermes.exe.
    #
    # Why opt-in:
    #   * Hermes-Setup.exe (the signed Tauri bootstrap installer) passes
    #     -IncludeDesktop so a user who installed via the GUI ends up
    #     with a launchable desktop binary.
    #   * The Electron desktop's own bootstrap-runner.ts runs install.ps1
    #     from inside an already-launched Hermes.exe; if THAT recursively
    #     built apps/desktop it would try to overwrite the live Hermes.exe
    #     on disk and fail. The recursive path omits the flag.
    #   * The canonical CLI one-liner (irm | iex) omits the flag too;
    #     terminal users don't need a desktop binary built for them, and
    #     `hermes desktop` already builds on demand.
    [switch]$IncludeDesktop
)

$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"

# Suppress Invoke-WebRequest's per-chunk progress bar.  Windows PowerShell
# 5.1's progress UI repaints synchronously on every received byte, which
# pegs CPU on a single core and throttles downloads by 10-100x (a 57MB
# PortableGit grab can take 5 minutes with progress on vs 20 seconds
# with progress off, on the same network).  Every IWR call in this
# script is fire-and-forget so we never need to see the bar.  Restored
# automatically when the script exits.
$ProgressPreference = "SilentlyContinue"

# Force the console to UTF-8 so non-ASCII output from native commands
# (e.g. playwright's box-drawing progress bars and download banners,
# git's bullet glyphs, npm's check marks) renders correctly instead of
# as IBM437/Windows-1252 mojibake (sequences like 0xE2 0x95 0x94 box-
# drawing chars decoded under the legacy DOS codepage).  This is a
# DISPLAY-only fix; the underlying bytes are already correct.  We do
# NOT change the file's own encoding (it remains pure ASCII for PS 5.1
# parser compatibility; see comments at the top of the entry-point
# dispatch).  This affects only what the user sees in their terminal
# during this install run, and reverts automatically when the script
# exits and the host's console encoding is restored.
try {
    [Console]::OutputEncoding = [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new()
} catch {
    # Some constrained PowerShell hosts disallow encoding mutation.
    # Mojibake on output is then cosmetic-only, install still works.
}

# ============================================================================
# 8.3 short-path normalization
# ============================================================================
# Windows generates an 8.3 short alias for a user-profile folder whose name
# contains a space ("First Last" -> FIRST~1.LAS), a dot ("Stone.ZEN8" ->
# STONE~1.ZEN), or an accented character ("Ruben" spelled with an acute e ->
# RUBN~1). It can then expose %TEMP%, %TMP%, %LOCALAPPDATA%, %APPDATA% and
# %USERPROFILE% -- plus everything derived from them, including the default
# HERMES_HOME and InstallDir -- in that short form:
#   C:\Users\FIRST~1.LAS\AppData\Local\Temp
#
# PowerShell's FileSystem provider mishandles the aliased component when such a
# path reaches a provider cmdlet (`Tee-Object -FilePath`, `Out-File`,
# `New-Item`, `Test-Path`), throwing "An object at the specified path
# C:\Users\FIRST~1.LAS does not exist" -- localized on non-English hosts.
# Every Node/Electron stage streams its build log to %TEMP% via Tee-Object and
# the desktop stage probes the binary it produced under the profile-derived
# InstallDir, so the bootstrap aborts even though the artifact built fine.
# The Python/uv stages, which never hand a %TEMP% path to a provider cmdlet,
# sail through -- which is why the failure looks Node-specific.
#
# Expanding every profile-rooted path back to long form once, up front, lets
# every downstream cmdlet and child process see something the provider can
# resolve. Three resolvers, tried in order, because no single one covers every
# host:
#
#   1. kernel32!GetLongPathNameW -- expands any 8.3 component regardless of
#      locale, including the accented-username aliases the COM resolver misses.
#   2. Scripting.FileSystemObject -- fallback for hosts where P/Invoke is
#      blocked.
#   3. Profile-root substitution -- when the volume has 8.3 generation disabled
#      or the alias is stale, neither resolver can expand the name because it
#      no longer maps to anything on disk. The aliased component is always the
#      profile folder itself (everything below it was created long), so swap in
#      a profile root we can prove is long and reattach the tail.
#
# All three degrade to returning the input untouched, so a host where none of
# them apply -- including non-Windows -- behaves exactly as it did before.

$script:LongProfileRoot = $null

function Write-PathDiag {
    # Diagnostics for this block go to stderr, never stdout: the stage protocol
    # hands drivers a single line of JSON on stdout and a stray note would break
    # anything parsing it.
    #
    # Suppressed entirely under -ShowResolvedPaths, which is a machine-readable
    # query: Windows PowerShell 5.1 wraps any native-command stderr in a
    # NativeCommandError and folds it back into the caller's own stream, so a
    # child writing here at all is enough to corrupt a 5.1 caller's capture.
    # The JSON already carries everything these lines say.
    #
    # [Console]::Error.WriteLine specifically -- verified reaching a caller on a
    # windows-latest runner. $host.UI.WriteErrorLine was tried and silently
    # produced nothing there under a non-interactive host.
    param([string]$Message)
    if ($ShowResolvedPaths) { return }
    [Console]::Error.WriteLine("[hermes] $Message")
}

function Get-LongProfileRoot {
    # The user's profile directory in long form, or '' when every source we
    # can reach is itself aliased. Cached: this runs per env var.
    if ($null -ne $script:LongProfileRoot) { return $script:LongProfileRoot }
    $script:LongProfileRoot = ''

    # %USERPROFILE% first: it is what the rest of the install derives from, and
    # on a host handing us aliased paths the .NET known-folder lookup tends to
    # be aliased in exactly the same way. Then the HOMEDRIVE/HOMEPATH pair, then
    # the profile's parent (C:\Users never carries an alias) plus %USERNAME%,
    # which stays the long account name even when every path is short.
    $envProfile = [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('USERPROFILE')
    $shellProfile = [Environment]::GetFolderPath('UserProfile')
    $candidates = @($envProfile, $shellProfile, "$env:HOMEDRIVE$env:HOMEPATH")
    foreach ($anchor in @($envProfile, $shellProfile)) {
        if ($anchor -and $env:USERNAME) {
            $parent = Split-Path -Parent $anchor.TrimEnd('\', '/')
            if ($parent) { $candidates += (Join-Path $parent $env:USERNAME) }
        }
    }

    foreach ($candidate in $candidates) {
        if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($candidate)) { continue }
        # Trailing separators make Split-Path -Parent return the directory
        # itself, which would silently break the ancestry check downstream.
        $candidate = $candidate.TrimEnd('\', '/')
        if (-not $candidate) { continue }
        if ($candidate -match '~\d') { continue }
        try {
            if (Test-Path -LiteralPath $candidate -PathType Container) {
                $script:LongProfileRoot = $candidate
                break
            }
        } catch {
            # Unreadable candidate (denied, malformed): try the next one.
        }
    }

    # Say which root we landed on. When someone reports "still broken" this is
    # the first thing worth knowing, and it costs one line on the rare path
    # where an alias actually showed up.
    if ($script:LongProfileRoot) {
        Write-PathDiag "long profile root: $script:LongProfileRoot"
    } else {
        Write-PathDiag "no long profile root found; 8.3 paths left as-is (tried: $($candidates -join ', '))"
    }
    return $script:LongProfileRoot
}

function Expand-ShortProfileRoot {
    # Rebuild $Path onto a known-long profile root when its aliased component
    # is the profile folder. Returns $Path unchanged when it isn't, so a custom
    # TEMP on another volume (D:\SHORT~1\Temp) is never rewritten.
    param([string]$Path)

    $longRoot = Get-LongProfileRoot
    if (-not $longRoot) { return $Path }
    $longRootParent = Split-Path -Parent $longRoot
    if (-not $longRootParent) { return $Path }

    $node = $Path
    $tail = ''
    while ($node -and ($node -match '~\d')) {
        $leaf = Split-Path -Leaf $node
        $parent = Split-Path -Parent $node
        if (-not $parent) { return $Path }
        if ($leaf -match '~\d') {
            # Candidate profile folder. Only substitute when it sits in the
            # same directory as the real profile (both C:\Users).
            if ($parent -ne $longRootParent) { return $Path }
            if ($tail) { return (Join-Path $longRoot $tail) }
            return $longRoot
        }
        $tail = if ($tail) { Join-Path $leaf $tail } else { $leaf }
        $node = $parent
    }
    return $Path
}

function ConvertTo-LongPath {
    param([string]$Path)
    if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($Path)) { return $Path }
    # Only 8.3 short names carry a tilde+digit ("~1"); skip every resolver for
    # ordinary long paths, which is the overwhelmingly common case.
    if ($Path -notmatch '~\d') {
        $script:LastResolver = 'skipped-long-path'
        return $Path
    }

    # 1. kernel32. Compiled on first use only, so a normal profile never pays
    #    the Add-Type cost (this file is re-entered once per install stage).
    try {
        if (-not ([System.Management.Automation.PSTypeName]'HermesInstall.LongPath').Type) {
            Add-Type -Namespace 'HermesInstall' -Name 'LongPath' -MemberDefinition @'
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true)]
public static extern int GetLongPathNameW(string lpszShortPath, System.Text.StringBuilder lpszLongPath, int cchBuffer);
'@
        }
        $buffer = New-Object System.Text.StringBuilder 4096
        $length = [HermesInstall.LongPath]::GetLongPathNameW($Path, $buffer, $buffer.Capacity)
        if ($length -gt $buffer.Capacity) {
            $buffer = New-Object System.Text.StringBuilder $length
            $length = [HermesInstall.LongPath]::GetLongPathNameW($Path, $buffer, $buffer.Capacity)
        }
        if ($length -gt 0) {
            $expanded = $buffer.ToString()
            if ($expanded -and $expanded -notmatch '~\d') {
                $script:LastResolver = 'kernel32'
                return $expanded
            }
        }
    } catch {
        # Not Windows, or P/Invoke denied by policy: try the next resolver.
    }

    # 2. COM. Validate the result the same way the kernel32 branch does: this
    # resolver can report success and still hand back a path that carries the
    # alias (observed on a windows-latest runner, where it "resolved"
    # C:\Users\FIRST~1.LAS\... to itself). Accepting that silently is what let a
    # short path reach the provider cmdlets in the first place, so an
    # unexpanded result counts as failure and falls through.
    try {
        $fso = New-Object -ComObject Scripting.FileSystemObject
        $resolved = $null
        if ($fso.FolderExists($Path))   { $resolved = $fso.GetFolder($Path).Path }
        elseif ($fso.FileExists($Path)) { $resolved = $fso.GetFile($Path).Path }
        if ($resolved -and $resolved -notmatch '~\d') {
            $script:LastResolver = 'com'
            return $resolved
        }
    } catch {
        # COM unavailable / locked-down host: try the next resolver.
    }

    # 3. The alias resolves to nothing. Rebuild from a long profile root.
    $rebuilt = Expand-ShortProfileRoot $Path
    $script:LastResolver = if ($rebuilt -ne $Path) { 'profile-root' } else { 'none' }
    return $rebuilt
}

function Set-LongProfileEnvVars {
    # Normalize every profile-rooted variable the install reads, not just
    # %TEMP%: the desktop stage derives InstallDir from %LOCALAPPDATA%, and a
    # short root there fails the post-build probe after a successful build.
    # Returns $true when anything was rewritten.
    $rewrote = $false
    $script:NormalizedPathRewrites = @{}
    foreach ($name in @('TEMP', 'TMP', 'LOCALAPPDATA', 'APPDATA', 'USERPROFILE')) {
        $current = [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable($name)
        if (-not $current) { continue }
        $expanded = ConvertTo-LongPath $current
        if ($expanded -and $expanded -ne $current) {
            Set-Item -Path "Env:$name" -Value $expanded
            $rewrote = $true
            $script:NormalizedPathRewrites[$name] = $expanded
            # Rewriting a profile path is rare and corrective; say so. Every
            # report of this bug class arrived as a bare "does not exist" with
            # no hint that a short alias was involved. stderr, so the stage
            # protocol's stdout JSON stays parseable.
            Write-PathDiag "expanded 8.3 short path in %$name%: $current -> $expanded"
        }
    }
    return $rewrote
}

# ConvertTo-LongPath only assigns $script:LastResolver when a ~\d short path
# actually needs expansion, so an ordinary long profile leaves it unset -- and
# the ResolvedPathReport below reads it unconditionally, which is fatal under
# Set-StrictMode before any stage starts. 'none' is the resolver's own value
# for "nothing ran".
$script:LastResolver = 'none'
$script:NormalizedProfilePaths = Set-LongProfileEnvVars

# Re-derive the install paths now that the env vars behind their defaults are
# long. An explicitly passed -HermesHome / -InstallDir is normalized in place
# rather than replaced, so a caller's choice is never overwritten by a default.
# $PSBoundParameters is only meaningful at script scope, so this stays inline.
if ($PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey('HermesHome')) {
    $HermesHome = ConvertTo-LongPath $HermesHome
} else {
    $HermesHome = ConvertTo-LongPath $(
        if ($env:HERMES_HOME) { $env:HERMES_HOME } else { "$env:LOCALAPPDATA\hermes" }
    )
}
if ($PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey('InstallDir')) {
    $InstallDir = ConvertTo-LongPath $InstallDir
} else {
    $InstallDir = ConvertTo-LongPath $(
        if ($env:HERMES_HOME) { "$env:HERMES_HOME\hermes-agent" } else { "$env:LOCALAPPDATA\hermes\hermes-agent" }
    )
}
if ($script:NormalizedProfilePaths) {
    # Which paths the install actually settled on. Absent from every report of
    # this bug class, and the whole question once a short alias is in play.
    Write-PathDiag "resolved install paths: HermesHome=$HermesHome InstallDir=$InstallDir"
}

# Captured here, where the values are final, and emitted from the entry-point
# dispatch at the bottom (alongside -ProtocolVersion / -Manifest) so
# -ShowResolvedPaths exits before any stage runs.
#
# The report goes to STDOUT as JSON: on Windows a child's stderr does not
# reliably reach a parent process -- three separate capture mechanisms each came
# back empty on a windows-latest runner while stdout arrived intact -- and the
# first question on any "installer says a path doesn't exist" report is which
# paths it actually resolved.
$script:ResolvedPathReport = @{
    long_profile_root = (Get-LongProfileRoot)
    normalized        = $script:NormalizedPathRewrites
    resolver          = $script:LastResolver
    temp              = $env:TEMP
    hermes_home       = $HermesHome
    install_dir       = $InstallDir
}

# ============================================================================
# Configuration
# ============================================================================

$RepoUrlSsh = "git@github.com:NousResearch/hermes-agent.git"
$RepoUrlHttps = "https://github.com/NousResearch/hermes-agent.git"
$PythonVersion = "3.11"
# Minor versions the installer accepts when the requested $PythonVersion isn't
# available, in preference order. Only checkout-private uv-managed interpreters
# are eligible. Single source of truth shared by Test-Python's fallback and
# Resolve-AvailablePythonVersion.
$PythonFallbackVersions = @("3.12", "3.13", "3.10")
$PythonFindTimeoutMs = 30000
$NodeVersion = "22"
# The npm range the root package.json pins in `engines.npm`.  A constant rather
# than a manifest read like the POSIX side does: Test-Node runs BEFORE the repo
# is cloned, so there is usually no package.json on disk yet (and none at all
# when install.ps1 is piped straight from the web). Keep this fallback in sync
# with package.json; Get-NpmRange prefers the manifest once a checkout exists.
$NpmRange = "<11.10.0 || >=11.17.0"

# Stage-protocol version.  Bumped only for genuinely breaking changes to the
# manifest schema, stage-name set semantics, or stdout JSON shape.  Adding a
# new stage does NOT bump this -- drivers iterate the manifest dynamically.
$InstallStageProtocolVersion = 1

# ============================================================================
# Helper functions

# Return the real OS processor architecture as a lowercase string suitable for
# Node.js / electron download URL slugs: "arm64", "x64", or "x86".
#
# Why not just trust [Environment]::Is64BitOperatingSystem or
# [RuntimeInformation]::OSArchitecture?  On Windows on ARM, when this script
# is invoked from Windows PowerShell 5.1 (the default `powershell.exe`) or
# any x64 PowerShell host, the process runs under Prism x64 emulation and
# BOTH of those APIs report `X64` -- they describe the emulated view, not
# the real OS.  We've seen this concretely on Snapdragon X1 hardware: an
# ARM64-based Surface Laptop returns OSArchitecture=X64 from an emulated
# PowerShell session.
#
# Win32_Processor.Architecture is invariant to emulation.  Values:
#   0=x86, 5=ARM, 9=AMD64/x64, 12=ARM64.  We fall back to
#   PROCESSOR_ARCHITEW6432 (set on WoW64 with the real OS arch) and then
#   PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE so we still produce a sensible answer if CIM
#   isn't available (locked-down WMI, container, etc.).
function Get-WindowsArch {
    try {
        $proc = Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_Processor -ErrorAction Stop |
            Select-Object -First 1
        switch ([int]$proc.Architecture) {
            12 { return "arm64" }
            9  { return "x64" }
            0  { return "x86" }
            5  { return "arm" }
        }
    } catch {
        # CIM unavailable -- fall through to env-var path
    }

    $envArch = if ($env:PROCESSOR_ARCHITEW6432) {
        $env:PROCESSOR_ARCHITEW6432
    } else {
        $env:PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE
    }
    switch ($envArch) {
        "ARM64" { return "arm64" }
        "AMD64" { return "x64" }
        "x86"   { return "x86" }
        default {
            # Last-resort: respect 64-bitness so we don't ship a 32-bit
            # toolchain to anyone.
            if ([Environment]::Is64BitOperatingSystem) { return "x64" } else { return "x86" }
        }
    }
}

# ============================================================================

function Write-Banner {
    Write-Host ""
    Write-Host "+---------------------------------------------------------+" -ForegroundColor Magenta
    Write-Host "|             * Hermes Agent Installer                    |" -ForegroundColor Magenta
    Write-Host "+---------------------------------------------------------+" -ForegroundColor Magenta
    Write-Host "|  An open source AI agent by Nous Research.              |" -ForegroundColor Magenta
    Write-Host "+---------------------------------------------------------+" -ForegroundColor Magenta
    Write-Host ""
}

function Write-Info {
    param([string]$Message)
    Write-Host "-> $Message" -ForegroundColor Cyan
}

function Write-Success {
    param([string]$Message)
    Write-Host "[OK] $Message" -ForegroundColor Green
}

function Write-Warn {
    param([string]$Message)
    Write-Host "[!] $Message" -ForegroundColor Yellow
}

function Write-Err {
    param([string]$Message)
    Write-Host "[X] $Message" -ForegroundColor Red
}

function Invoke-NativeWithRelaxedErrorAction {
    param([scriptblock]$Script)

    $prevEAP = $ErrorActionPreference
    $ErrorActionPreference = "Continue"
    try {
        & $Script
    } finally {
        $ErrorActionPreference = $prevEAP
    }
}
function Discard-LockfileChurn {
    param([string]$Repo = $InstallDir)

    if (-not $Repo -or -not (Test-Path (Join-Path $Repo ".git"))) { return }

    try {
        $diff = & git -c windows.appendAtomically=false -C $Repo diff --name-only 2>$null
        if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0 -or -not $diff) { return }

        $dirtyPackageDirs = [System.Collections.Generic.HashSet[string]]::new(
            [System.StringComparer]::OrdinalIgnoreCase
        )
        foreach ($path in $diff) {
            if ($path -like "*package.json") {
                $null = $dirtyPackageDirs.Add((Split-Path $path -Parent))
            }
        }

        $dirtyLocks = [System.Collections.Generic.List[string]]::new()
        foreach ($path in $diff) {
            if ($path -notlike "*package-lock.json") { continue }
            $lockDir = Split-Path $path -Parent
            if ($dirtyPackageDirs.Contains($lockDir)) { continue }
            $dirtyLocks.Add($path)
        }

        if ($dirtyLocks.Count -eq 0) { return }
        & git -c windows.appendAtomically=false -C $Repo checkout -- @($dirtyLocks) 2>$null
        if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) {
            Write-Info "Discarded npm lockfile churn ($($dirtyLocks.Count) file(s))"
        }
    } catch {
        # Best-effort only; never let cleanup block the installer update path.
    }
}
# Inspect npm output for a TLS-trust failure and, if found, print actionable
# remediation. npm/Node surface corporate MITM proxies and missing root CAs as
# "unable to get local issuer certificate" / "self-signed certificate in
# certificate chain" / UNABLE_TO_GET_ISSUER_CERT_LOCALLY -- most commonly while
# Electron's install.js postinstall downloads the Electron binary. The reporter
# usually misreads this as an admin-rights or generic install failure (see
# issue #38016), so detect it once here and route every npm stage through this
# hint. Returns $true when a cert error was detected (caller may adjust its own
# messaging), $false otherwise.
function Show-NpmCertHint {
    param([string]$NpmOutput)
    if (-not $NpmOutput) { return $false }
    $isCertError = $NpmOutput -match "unable to get local issuer certificate" `
        -or $NpmOutput -match "self.signed certificate" `
        -or $NpmOutput -match "UNABLE_TO_GET_ISSUER_CERT_LOCALLY" `
        -or $NpmOutput -match "SELF_SIGNED_CERT_IN_CHAIN" `
        -or $NpmOutput -match "CERT_HAS_EXPIRED"
    if (-not $isCertError) { return $false }
    Write-Warn "This looks like a TLS certificate-trust failure, not a permissions problem."
    Write-Info "  A corporate proxy or antivirus is likely intercepting HTTPS and presenting a"
    Write-Info "  certificate Node.js doesn't trust. To fix, point Node at your org's root CA:"
    Write-Info "    1. Get the corporate root CA as a .pem/.crt from your IT team."
    Write-Info "    2. setx NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS `"C:\path\to\corp-ca.pem`""
    Write-Info "    3. Open a NEW terminal (so the env var takes effect) and re-run the installer."
    Write-Info "  Quick (less secure) alternative -- disable TLS verification just for the install:"
    Write-Info "    npm config set strict-ssl false   (re-enable afterwards: npm config set strict-ssl true)"
    return $true
}

function Write-NpmDebugLogTail {
    # On failure npm prints only a terse summary to stdout/stderr; the real
    # evidence (postinstall script stderr like Electron's install.js, network
    # traces, EBUSY retries) lives in npm's own debug log under
    # <npm-cache>\_logs\<timestamp>-debug-0.log. The bootstrap installer's
    # streaming sink only captures what WE emit, so on any npm failure this
    # helper locates that debug log and replays its tail into our output
    # stream -- making the bootstrap log a self-contained diagnosis instead
    # of "exit 1, details in a file on a VM nobody can reach".
    param(
        [string]$NpmOutput,
        [int]$TailLines = 200
    )
    $logPath = $null
    # Preferred: npm names the exact file in its failure summary.
    if ($NpmOutput -and $NpmOutput -match "A complete log of this run can be found in:\s*(?<path>[^\r\n]+)") {
        $candidate = $Matches['path'].Trim()
        if (Test-Path -LiteralPath $candidate) { $logPath = $candidate }
    }
    # Fallback (covers --silent runs, truncated output): newest debug log in
    # npm's cache _logs directory.
    if (-not $logPath) {
        try {
            $npm = Resolve-NpmCmd
            if ($npm) {
                $prevEAPLocal = $ErrorActionPreference
                $ErrorActionPreference = "Continue"
                $cacheDir = (& $npm config get cache 2>$null | Select-Object -Last 1)
                $ErrorActionPreference = $prevEAPLocal
                if ($cacheDir) {
                    $logsDir = Join-Path ("$cacheDir").Trim() "_logs"
                    if (Test-Path -LiteralPath $logsDir) {
                        $newest = Get-ChildItem -LiteralPath $logsDir -Filter "*-debug-*.log" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
                            Sort-Object LastWriteTime -Descending | Select-Object -First 1
                        if ($newest) { $logPath = $newest.FullName }
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch { }
    }
    if (-not $logPath) {
        Write-Warn "npm debug log could not be located -- no further npm detail available"
        return
    }
    $tail = $null
    try {
        $tail = Get-Content -LiteralPath $logPath -Tail $TailLines -ErrorAction Stop
    } catch {
        Write-Warn "Could not read npm debug log ${logPath}: $($_.Exception.Message)"
        return
    }
    Write-Warn "---- npm debug log: last $TailLines lines of $logPath ----"
    foreach ($line in $tail) { Write-Host "    $line" -ForegroundColor DarkGray }
    Write-Warn "---- end npm debug log ----"
}

# --- Ensure-mode helpers ---

function Resolve-NpmCmd {
    $npmCmd = Get-Command npm -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
    if (-not $npmCmd) { return $null }
    $npmExe = $npmCmd.Source
    if ($npmExe -like "*.ps1") {
        $npmCmdSibling = Join-Path (Split-Path $npmExe -Parent) "npm.cmd"
        if (Test-Path $npmCmdSibling) { return $npmCmdSibling }
    }
    return $npmExe
}

function Find-SystemBrowser {
    # Honor ONLY an explicit, user-set AGENT_BROWSER_EXECUTABLE_PATH override.
    #
    # We no longer scan well-known install locations for a system browser.
    # Auto-detection silently bound the install to an arbitrary binary instead
    # of the bundled Playwright Chromium, which made the browser tool behave
    # differently across hosts (and, on Linux, picked up a sandboxed Snap
    # Chromium that hangs every browser_navigate). Every install now uses the
    # bundled Chromium unless the user explicitly points elsewhere.
    $override = $env:AGENT_BROWSER_EXECUTABLE_PATH
    if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($override)) { return $null }
    if (Test-Path $override) { return $override }
    return $null
}

function Write-BrowserEnv {
    param([string]$BrowserPath)
    if (-not (Test-Path $HermesHome)) {
        New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path $HermesHome | Out-Null
    }
    $envFile = Join-Path $HermesHome ".env"
    if (-not (Test-Path $envFile)) {
        Set-Content -Path $envFile -Value "AGENT_BROWSER_EXECUTABLE_PATH=$BrowserPath" -Encoding UTF8
        return
    }
    $content = Get-Content $envFile -Raw -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
    if ($content -and $content -match "AGENT_BROWSER_EXECUTABLE_PATH=") { return }
    Add-Content -Path $envFile -Value "AGENT_BROWSER_EXECUTABLE_PATH=$BrowserPath" -Encoding UTF8
}

function Install-AgentBrowser {
    $npm = Resolve-NpmCmd
    if (-not $npm) {
        Write-Err "npm not found -- install Node.js first"
        throw "npm not found"
    }

    # agent-browser itself is intentionally NOT installed here (#43564 /
    # PR #44772 review): it resolves lazily via `npx agent-browser` instead,
    # which every consumer (tools/browser_tool.py, `hermes update`'s npx
    # cache warm) already goes through. Eagerly npm-installing a second,
    # separately version-pinned copy here -- only reachable via this
    # explicit -Ensure browser fallback in the first place -- was redundant
    # complexity and an extra credential/supply-chain surface for a path
    # npx already covers.
    Write-Info "Installing camofox browser server..."
    $prefixDir = Join-Path $HermesHome "node"
    if (-not (Test-Path $prefixDir)) {
        New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $prefixDir -Force | Out-Null
    }
    $npmLog = [System.IO.Path]::GetTempFileName()
    $prevEAP = $ErrorActionPreference
    $ErrorActionPreference = "Continue"
    & $npm install -g --prefix $prefixDir --silent --ignore-scripts "@askjo/camofox-browser@^1.5.2" 2>&1 | Tee-Object -FilePath $npmLog | Out-Null
    $npmExit = $LASTEXITCODE
    $ErrorActionPreference = $prevEAP
    if ($npmExit -ne 0) {
        $npmDetail = Get-Content $npmLog -Raw -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
        Remove-Item $npmLog -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
        Write-Err "npm install -g failed (exit $npmExit): $npmDetail"
        Show-NpmCertHint $npmDetail | Out-Null
        # This install runs with --silent, so $npmDetail is often near-empty;
        # npm's debug log is the only place the real error survives.
        Write-NpmDebugLogTail -NpmOutput $npmDetail
        throw "npm install failed"
    }
    Remove-Item $npmLog -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue

    $sysBrowser = Find-SystemBrowser
    if ($sysBrowser) {
        Write-BrowserEnv -BrowserPath $sysBrowser
        Write-Info "Explicit browser override set -- Chromium download will be skipped when agent-browser installs on demand"
    }
    Write-Success "Agent-browser ready"
}

# ============================================================================
# Dependency checks
# ============================================================================

# Resolve the PowerShell host executable used to spawn child PowerShell
# processes (the astral uv installer below).  We must NOT hardcode the bare
# name `powershell`: it names *Windows PowerShell* and only resolves when its
# System32 directory is on PATH.  When install.ps1 is run under PowerShell 7+
# (`pwsh`) -- or any session where `powershell` isn't on PATH -- a bare
# `powershell` spawn dies with "The term 'powershell' is not recognized",
# aborting uv installation (field report: Windows install stuck, uv install
# failed with exactly that message).  Prefer the absolute path of the host we
# are already running in (PATH-independent), then fall back to whichever of
# powershell/pwsh is resolvable, and only then to the bare name.
function Get-PowerShellHostExe {
    try {
        $hostExe = (Get-Process -Id $PID).Path
        if ($hostExe -and (Test-Path $hostExe)) {
            $leaf = Split-Path $hostExe -Leaf
            # Only trust the current host when it is a real PowerShell CLI
            # (not e.g. powershell_ise.exe or an embedded host that can't take
            # `-ExecutionPolicy`/`-Command`).
            if ($leaf -match '^(?i:powershell|pwsh)\.exe$') { return $hostExe }
        }
    } catch { }
    foreach ($candidate in @("powershell", "pwsh")) {
        $cmd = Get-Command $candidate -CommandType Application -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
            Select-Object -First 1
        if ($cmd -and $cmd.Source) { return $cmd.Source }
    }
    # Last-ditch: hand back the bare name so the spawn surfaces its own error.
    return "powershell"
}

function Install-Uv {
    # Hermes owns its own uv at $HermesHome\bin\uv.exe.  Always install there --
    # no PATH probing, no conda guards, no multi-location resolution chains.
    # The runtime update path (hermes_cli/managed_uv.py) looks in the same
    # place, so install.ps1 and `hermes update` stay in sync.
    $managedUv = Join-Path $HermesHome "bin\uv.exe"

    if (Test-Path $managedUv) {
        $script:UvCmd = $managedUv
        $version = & $managedUv --version
        Write-Success "Managed uv found ($version)"
        return $true
    }

    Write-Info "Installing managed uv into $HermesHome\bin ..."
    New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path (Join-Path $HermesHome "bin") -Force | Out-Null

    # UV_INSTALL_DIR tells the astral installer to place the binary
    # directly into $HermesHome\bin instead of ~/.local/bin.
    $prevEAP = $ErrorActionPreference
    try {
        $ErrorActionPreference = "Continue"
        $env:UV_INSTALL_DIR = Join-Path $HermesHome "bin"
        # Spawn via the resolved host exe (see Get-PowerShellHostExe) rather
        # than a bare `powershell`, which isn't guaranteed to be on PATH under
        # PowerShell 7 / pwsh-only setups.
        $psHostExe = Get-PowerShellHostExe

        # Rungs 1 + 2: run the uv installer -- astral.sh first, then the
        # byte-identical copy published on GitHub releases.  Corporate
        # proxies and AV products frequently block astral.sh while
        # github.com is reachable (issue #69216), so a second source turns
        # a hard failure into a working install.  Capture the installer
        # output (Tee-Object) instead of discarding it: when every source
        # fails, the real error (download blocked, AV quarantine,
        # permissions) must reach the user instead of only the generic
        # "installed but not found" message.
        $installerOutput = @()
        $astralOut = @()
        & $psHostExe -ExecutionPolicy ByPass -c "irm https://astral.sh/uv/install.ps1 | iex" 2>&1 | Tee-Object -Variable astralOut | Out-Null
        $installerOutput += "--- uv installer source: astral.sh ---"
        $installerOutput += @($astralOut | ForEach-Object { "$_" })
        if (Test-Path $managedUv) {
            Write-Info "uv installer succeeded via astral.sh"
        } else {
            Write-Info "astral.sh uv installer did not produce $managedUv; trying GitHub releases mirror ..."
            $ghOut = @()
            & $psHostExe -ExecutionPolicy ByPass -c "irm https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/releases/latest/download/uv-installer.ps1 | iex" 2>&1 | Tee-Object -Variable ghOut | Out-Null
            $installerOutput += "--- uv installer source: GitHub releases ---"
            $installerOutput += @($ghOut | ForEach-Object { "$_" })
            if (Test-Path $managedUv) {
                Write-Info "uv installer succeeded via GitHub releases"
            }
        }

        # Rung 3: salvage an existing uv.exe.  When the installer cannot run
        # at all (network fully blocked) but a working uv already exists --
        # on PATH, or at ~/.local/bin (the astral default location when
        # UV_INSTALL_DIR was ignored by an older installer) -- copy it into
        # the managed location so the managed-first invariant holds
        # (hermes_cli/managed_uv.py looks only at $HermesHome\bin\uv.exe).
        if (-not (Test-Path $managedUv)) {
            $existingUv = $null
            $uvOnPath = Get-Command uv -CommandType Application -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
                Select-Object -First 1
            if ($uvOnPath -and $uvOnPath.Source -and (Test-Path $uvOnPath.Source)) {
                $existingUv = $uvOnPath.Source
            }
            if (-not $existingUv) {
                $defaultUv = Join-Path $env:USERPROFILE ".local\bin\uv.exe"
                if (Test-Path $defaultUv) { $existingUv = $defaultUv }
            }
            if ($existingUv) {
                Write-Info "Salvaging existing uv from $existingUv"
                try {
                    Copy-Item $existingUv $managedUv -Force
                    # Verify the salvaged binary actually runs before
                    # trusting it as the managed uv.
                    $null = & $managedUv --version
                } catch {
                    Write-Info "Existing uv at $existingUv could not be salvaged: $_"
                    Remove-Item $managedUv -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
                }
            }
        }

        $ErrorActionPreference = $prevEAP

        if (Test-Path $managedUv) {
            $script:UvCmd = $managedUv
            $version = & $managedUv --version
            Write-Success "Managed uv installed ($version)"
            return $true
        }

        Write-Err "uv installed but not found at $managedUv"
        if ($installerOutput.Count -gt 0) {
            Write-Info "uv installer output (last 15 lines):"
            $installerOutput | Select-Object -Last 15 | ForEach-Object { Write-Info "  $_" }
        }
        Write-Info "Install manually: https://docs.astral.sh/uv/getting-started/installation/"
        return $false
    } catch {
        if ($prevEAP) { $ErrorActionPreference = $prevEAP }
        Write-Err "Failed to install uv: $_"
        Write-Info "Install manually: https://docs.astral.sh/uv/getting-started/installation/"
        return $false
    }
}

# Refresh $env:Path from the User + Machine registry hives.  Stage drivers
# invoke each stage in a fresh powershell process, but those processes
# inherit env from the parent driver shell, NOT from the registry.  When
# an earlier stage (Stage-Git, Stage-Node, ...) installs a binary and
# pushes its directory into User PATH, the next child process's $env:Path
# is stale and the binary appears missing.  This helper re-reads PATH
# from the registry so every Invoke-Stage starts from a fresh, up-to-date
# PATH view.  Cheap (registry reads, no I/O elsewhere) and idempotent.
function Sync-EnvPath {
    $env:Path = [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("Path", "User") + ";" + [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("Path", "Machine")
}

# npm lifecycle scripts on Windows spawn ``cmd.exe /d /s /c node <script>``.
# PowerShell can resolve ``node`` via Get-Command while the child cmd process
# still sees a PATH without node.exe's directory (nvm4w shims, App Paths
# aliases, stale cross-process PATH).  Prepend the resolved node.exe parent
# directory so postinstall hooks (electron-winstaller, native modules, etc.)
# can find ``node``.  Regression for #48130.
function Ensure-NodeExeOnPath {
    $nodeCmd = Get-Command node -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
    if (-not $nodeCmd) { return $false }

    $nodeExeDir = Split-Path $nodeCmd.Source -Parent
    if (-not $nodeExeDir) { return $false }

    $pathParts = $env:Path -split ";"
    if ($pathParts -notcontains $nodeExeDir) {
        $env:Path = "$nodeExeDir;$env:Path"
    }
    return $true
}

# Put the Hermes-managed Node dir at the FRONT of the persisted User PATH.
#
# Appending is not enough: it leaves a pre-existing system Node ahead of the
# bundled one in every new shell, so anything launched without a curated
# environment (a standalone hermes-setup.exe run, a user typing `npm`) silently
# resolves the wrong Node.  Bundled must win.
#
# Move-to-front rather than add-if-missing, because installs made by an older
# install.ps1 already have this dir in User PATH -- at the tail.  An
# add-if-missing check sees it present and leaves the broken ordering in place
# forever, so the very users the ordering bug hurt would never be repaired.
#
# Unrelated entries keep their relative order, including empty segments (a
# trailing ';' is legal and common in a real User PATH; Install-Git's splitting
# preserves them too, so this must not quietly rewrite them).  Duplicate
# occurrences of the managed dir collapse into the single leading entry.
# PowerShell's -ne is case-insensitive for strings, which is the right
# comparison on Windows.  Persists only when the resulting string differs, so
# an already-correct PATH costs one registry read and no write.
function Set-ManagedNodeFirstOnUserPath {
    param([string]$NodeDir)

    if (-not $NodeDir) { return }

    $userPath = [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("Path", "User")
    $items = if ($userPath) { @($userPath -split ";") } else { @() }

    $rest = @($items | Where-Object { $_ -ne $NodeDir })
    $updated = (@($NodeDir) + $rest) -join ";"

    if ($updated -ne $userPath) {
        [Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("Path", $updated, "User")
    }
}

# The npm range to install into the managed Node tree.  Prefers the checkout's
# root package.json so the installer and the manifest cannot drift; falls back
# to the $NpmRange constant, which is the common case here because Test-Node
# runs before the repo is cloned.
function Get-NpmRange {
    $manifest = Join-Path $InstallDir "package.json"
    if (Test-Path $manifest) {
        try {
            $engines = (Get-Content $manifest -Raw | ConvertFrom-Json).engines
            if ($engines -and $engines.npm) { return [string]$engines.npm }
        } catch { }
    }
    return $NpmRange
}

# Convert the numeric core of an npm version or range operand into a stable
# three-component System.Version. npm reports semantic versions, but the
# installer only needs the numeric core for the comparator ranges authored in
# package.json (for example, <11.10.0 || >=11.17.0).
function ConvertTo-NpmVersion {
    param([string]$Version)

    if (-not $Version) { return $null }

    $core = ($Version.Trim() -replace '^v', '' -replace '-.*$', '')
    $parts = @($core -split '\.')
    if ($parts.Count -lt 1 -or $parts.Count -gt 3) { return $null }
    foreach ($part in $parts) {
        if ($part -notmatch '^\d+$') { return $null }
    }
    while ($parts.Count -lt 3) { $parts += '0' }

    try {
        return [version]($parts -join '.')
    } catch {
        return $null
    }
}

# Evaluate the comparator-only npm ranges used by the root manifest and the
# pre-clone fallback. Alternatives are separated with || and each alternative
# may contain one or more whitespace-separated <, <=, >, or >= comparators.
# Unknown range syntax fails closed so an incompatible system npm cannot reach
# npm ci and fail later with EBADENGINE.
function Test-NpmVersionOk {
    param(
        [string]$Version,
        [string]$Range = (Get-NpmRange)
    )

    $actual = ConvertTo-NpmVersion $Version
    if (-not $actual -or -not $Range) { return $false }

    foreach ($alternative in @($Range -split '\s*\|\|\s*')) {
        $clause = $alternative.Trim()
        if (-not $clause) { continue }

        $comparators = [regex]::Matches(
            $clause,
            '(?:^|\s)(<=|>=|<|>)\s*(\d+(?:\.\d+){0,2})(?=\s|$)'
        )
        if ($comparators.Count -eq 0) { continue }

        $remainder = [regex]::Replace(
            $clause,
            '(?:^|\s)(?:<=|>=|<|>)\s*\d+(?:\.\d+){0,2}(?=\s|$)',
            ''
        ).Trim()
        if ($remainder) { continue }

        $matchesClause = $true
        foreach ($comparator in $comparators) {
            $target = ConvertTo-NpmVersion $comparator.Groups[2].Value
            if (-not $target) {
                $matchesClause = $false
                break
            }

            $matchesComparator = switch ($comparator.Groups[1].Value) {
                '<'  { $actual -lt $target }
                '<=' { $actual -le $target }
                '>'  { $actual -gt $target }
                '>=' { $actual -ge $target }
                default { $false }
            }
            if (-not $matchesComparator) {
                $matchesClause = $false
                break
            }
        }

        if ($matchesClause) { return $true }
    }

    return $false
}

# Upgrade the Hermes-managed Node tree's bundled npm into $NpmRange when
# needed. Managed Node trees survive updates, so their bundled npm can drift
# outside a newer root package.json engine range. The repo .npmrc sets
# `engine-strict=true`, making that mismatch fatal at the first `npm ci`.
# Provision the right npm here instead of reacting to EBADENGINE later.
#
# Three details are load-bearing, mirroring _nb_ensure_bundled_npm_range in
# scripts/lib/node-bootstrap.sh and upgrade_managed_npm in
# hermes_cli/npm_engine.py:
#   - a temp cwd, so the checkout's own .npmrc (engine-strict,
#     min-release-age) does not gate the very upgrade meant to satisfy it;
#   - npm_config_min_release_age=0, which also neutralises a user ~/.npmrc;
#   - an explicit --prefix at the managed tree, so the upgrade rewrites the
#     tree's own npm rather than installing a second copy elsewhere.
#
# Best-effort: a failure leaves a working Node with an old npm, which beats no
# Node at all, and npm_engine.py still covers the EBADENGINE that follows.
function Update-ManagedNpm {
    param([string]$NodeDir)

    $npmCmd = Join-Path $NodeDir "npm.cmd"
    if (-not (Test-Path $npmCmd)) { return $false }

    $range = Get-NpmRange

    # Skip the network round-trip when the bundled npm already satisfies the
    # same range used by the system-Node acceptance gate.
    try {
        $have = (& $npmCmd --version 2>$null | Select-Object -First 1)
        if ($have -and (Test-NpmVersionOk $have $range)) { return $true }
    } catch { }

    # In-app updates run while the desktop app's Node processes are alive.
    # The managed npm lives inside the very tree they execute from, so an
    # in-place upgrade would hit WinError 5 (Access denied) on npm.cmd
    # (#80926).  Defer; the next update with the app closed retries.
    if (Test-ManagedNodeInUse $NodeDir) {
        Write-Warn "Hermes-managed Node.js is in use by a running app; skipping the bundled npm upgrade (applies on a later update with the app closed)."
        return $false
    }

    Write-Info "Upgrading bundled npm to satisfy $range ..."

    $tmpCwd = Join-Path $env:TEMP ("hermes-npm-upgrade-" + [Guid]::NewGuid().ToString("N"))
    New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path $tmpCwd | Out-Null
    $prevAge = $env:npm_config_min_release_age
    $prevCI = $env:CI
    $prevEAP = $ErrorActionPreference
    Push-Location $tmpCwd
    try {
        $env:npm_config_min_release_age = "0"
        $env:CI = "1"
        # Relax EAP=Stop so npm's stderr lines don't get wrapped as
        # ErrorRecords and short-circuit before $LASTEXITCODE is checked.
        # Same pattern as Install-Uv.
        $ErrorActionPreference = "Continue"
        & $npmCmd install --global --prefix $NodeDir "npm@$range" `
            --no-fund --no-audit --progress=false 2>&1 | Out-Null
        $exit = $LASTEXITCODE
    } catch {
        $exit = 1
    } finally {
        $ErrorActionPreference = $prevEAP
        Pop-Location
        $env:npm_config_min_release_age = $prevAge
        $env:CI = $prevCI
        Remove-Item -Recurse -Force $tmpCwd -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
    }

    if ($exit -ne 0) {
        Write-Warn "Could not upgrade bundled npm to $range -- ``npm ci`` may fail with EBADENGINE."
        Write-Info  "Fix manually: npm install -g --prefix `"$NodeDir`" npm@`"$range`""
        return $false
    }

    Write-Success "npm $(& $npmCmd --version 2>$null) installed"
    return $true
}

function Test-ManagedNodeInUse {
    param([string]$NodeDir)
    # Windows locks files that running processes execute from.  During an
    # in-app update the desktop app's Node processes may hold the managed
    # tree open, and rewriting it then fails with WinError 5 (Access denied)
    # on npm.cmd (#80926).  Cheap pre-check used to skip destructive steps;
    # the rename/move itself remains the authoritative guard.
    #
    # Check the executable path AND the command line: a cmd.exe wrapper
    # running npm.cmd from the tree reports its own exe (cmd.exe lives in
    # System32) while the tree path appears only in the command line.
    # Win32_Process.CommandLine is available on Windows PowerShell 5.1 and
    # 7+ (the Get-Process .CommandLine ETS property is 7.4+ only), and a
    # single CIM query beats a per-process property access loop.
    return @(
        Get-CimInstance Win32_Process -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
            Where-Object {
                ($_.ExecutablePath -like "$NodeDir\*") -or
                ($_.CommandLine -like "*$NodeDir*")
            }
    ).Count -gt 0
}

# Re-discover uv without re-installing it.  Cross-process stage drivers
# (the desktop GUI's onboarding wizard, CI step-runners) invoke each stage
# in a fresh powershell process, so $script:UvCmd set by Install-Uv in a
# prior process is not visible here.  Later stages (Test-Python,
# Install-Venv, Install-Dependencies, Install-PlatformSdks) call this
# at the top to populate $script:UvCmd from the managed location.
# Throws if uv is not findable -- the caller's stage then surfaces a
# clean error via the stage-driver's try/catch.
function Resolve-UvCmd {
    # Already resolved (default invocation path: Install-Uv ran earlier
    # in the same process and set $script:UvCmd).
    if ($script:UvCmd) {
        if ($script:UvCmd -eq "uv") {
            # "uv" on PATH -- verify it's still resolvable (PATH could have
            # changed mid-session; cheap to recheck).
            if (Get-Command uv -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) { return }
        } elseif (Test-Path $script:UvCmd) {
            return
        }
        # Stale; fall through to re-discover.
    }

    # Check the managed location first -- this is where Install-Uv puts it.
    $managedUv = Join-Path $HermesHome "bin\uv.exe"
    if (Test-Path $managedUv) {
        $script:UvCmd = $managedUv
        return
    }

    # Fall back to PATH (covers edge cases where the installer ran in a
    # sibling process and HERMES_HOME wasn't propagated).
    if (Get-Command uv -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) {
        $script:UvCmd = "uv"
        return
    }

    # Refresh PATH from registry in case the current process started before
    # Install-Uv updated User PATH.
    $env:Path = [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("Path", "User") + ";" + [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("Path", "Machine")
    if (Get-Command uv -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) {
        $script:UvCmd = "uv"
        return
    }

    throw "uv is not installed. Run install.ps1 -Stage uv first."
}

function Initialize-ManagedPythonEnvironment {
    # Python used by Hermes belongs to the checkout, never to another
    # application or a user-level uv configuration. Keep this aligned with
    # hermes_cli.managed_uv.managed_python_env(), which owns the update path.
    foreach ($name in @(
        "CONDA_DEFAULT_ENV", "CONDA_PREFIX", "UV_PROJECT_ENVIRONMENT",
        "UV_NO_MANAGED_PYTHON", "UV_PYTHON", "UV_PYTHON_DOWNLOADS",
        "UV_SYSTEM_PYTHON", "VIRTUAL_ENV", "PYTHONHOME", "PYTHONPATH"
    )) {
        Remove-Item -Path "Env:$name" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
    }

    $managedRoot = Join-Path $InstallDir ".hermes-runtime\python"
    New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path $managedRoot | Out-Null
    $env:UV_MANAGED_PYTHON = "1"
    $env:UV_NO_CONFIG = "1"
    $env:UV_PYTHON_INSTALL_BIN = "0"
    $env:UV_PYTHON_INSTALL_DIR = $managedRoot
    $env:UV_PYTHON_INSTALL_REGISTRY = "0"
    return [System.IO.Path]::GetFullPath($managedRoot)
}

function Resolve-AvailablePythonVersion {
    # Return the path and minor version of the first Hermes-managed interpreter
    # uv can find, preferring the requested version and then fallback minors.
    # System and application-owned interpreters are deliberately ineligible.
    #
    # Under Hermes-Setup.exe each stage runs in a fresh powershell.exe. The
    # venv stage therefore re-resolves both version and provenance rather than
    # relying on state selected by the earlier Python stage (#50769).
    [string]$managedRoot = Initialize-ManagedPythonEnvironment
    $managedPrefix = $managedRoot.TrimEnd('\') + '\'
    $candidates = @($PythonVersion) + $PythonFallbackVersions
    $seen = @{}
    foreach ($ver in $candidates) {
        if (-not $ver -or $seen.ContainsKey($ver)) { continue }
        $seen[$ver] = $true
        $process = $null
        try {
            # PowerShell 5.1 can lose a nested native command's stdout when
            # this installer itself is redirected by the desktop bootstrapper.
            # Capture uv directly through ProcessStartInfo instead of relying
            # on the native-command pipeline for the interpreter path.
            $process = New-Object System.Diagnostics.Process
            $startInfo = New-Object System.Diagnostics.ProcessStartInfo
            $startInfo.FileName = $UvCmd
            $startInfo.Arguments = "python find $ver --managed-python --no-config"
            $startInfo.UseShellExecute = $false
            $startInfo.CreateNoWindow = $true
            $startInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = $true
            $startInfo.RedirectStandardError = $true
            $process.StartInfo = $startInfo
            if (-not $process.Start()) { continue }
            $stdoutTask = $process.StandardOutput.ReadToEndAsync()
            $stderrTask = $process.StandardError.ReadToEndAsync()
            if (-not $process.WaitForExit($PythonFindTimeoutMs)) {
                try { $process.Kill() } catch { }
                $process.WaitForExit()
                throw "uv python find $ver timed out after $PythonFindTimeoutMs ms"
            }
            $stdout = $stdoutTask.Result
            $stderrTask.Result | Out-Null
            if ($process.ExitCode -ne 0) { continue }
            [string]$foundPath = ($stdout.Trim() -split "`r?`n") | Select-Object -Last 1
            if ($foundPath) {
                $absolute = [System.IO.Path]::GetFullPath($foundPath)
                if ($absolute.StartsWith($managedPrefix, [System.StringComparison]::OrdinalIgnoreCase)) {
                    return [PSCustomObject]@{
                        Path = $absolute
                        Version = $ver
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch {
            throw "Failed to resolve Hermes-managed Python $ver`: $_"
        } finally {
            if ($process) { $process.Dispose() }
        }
    }
    return $null
}

function Test-Python {
    Initialize-ManagedPythonEnvironment | Out-Null
    Write-Info "Checking Python $PythonVersion..."

    # Only a checkout-private uv-managed interpreter satisfies this stage.
    try {
        $resolvedPython = Resolve-AvailablePythonVersion
        if ($resolvedPython) {
            $ver = & $resolvedPython.Path --version 2>$null
            Write-Success "Python found: $ver"
            return $true
        }
    } catch { }
    
    # Python not found -- use uv to install it (no admin needed!)
    Write-Info "Python $PythonVersion not found, installing via uv..."
    # Capture EAP outside the try block so the catch's restore call always
    # has a meaningful value (see Install-Uv for the full rationale).
    $prevEAP = $ErrorActionPreference
    try {
        # Temporarily relax ErrorActionPreference: uv writes download progress
        # ("Downloading cpython-3.11.15-windows-x86_64-none (24.5MiB)") to
        # stderr.  With $ErrorActionPreference = "Stop" (set at the top of this
        # script) PowerShell wraps stderr lines from native commands as
        # ErrorRecord objects when captured via 2>&1, then throws a terminating
        # exception on the first one -- even though uv exits 0 and Python was
        # installed successfully.  Verify success via `uv python find`
        # afterwards, which is the reliable signal regardless of exit-code
        # semantics or stderr noise.  This fix was previously landed as
        # commit ec1714e71 and then lost in a release squash; reapplied here.
        $ErrorActionPreference = "Continue"
        $uvOutput = & $UvCmd python install $PythonVersion --no-bin --no-registry --no-config 2>&1
        $uvExitCode = $LASTEXITCODE
        $ErrorActionPreference = $prevEAP

        # Check if Python is now available (more reliable than exit code
        # since uv may return non-zero due to "already installed" etc.)
        $resolvedPython = Resolve-AvailablePythonVersion
        if ($resolvedPython) {
            $ver = & $resolvedPython.Path --version 2>$null
            Write-Success "Python installed: $ver"
            return $true
        }

        # uv ran but Python still not findable -- show what happened
        if ($uvExitCode -ne 0) {
            Write-Warn "uv python install output:"
            Write-Host $uvOutput -ForegroundColor DarkGray
        }
    } catch {
        # Restore EAP in case the try block threw before the assignment
        if ($prevEAP) { $ErrorActionPreference = $prevEAP }
        Write-Warn "uv python install error: $_"
    }

    # Preserve the established minor-version fallback contract, but provision
    # every fallback into the same private store instead of borrowing a system
    # interpreter. This path is reached only when the preferred install failed.
    foreach ($fallbackVer in $PythonFallbackVersions) {
        try {
            Write-Info "Trying managed Python fallback $fallbackVer..."
            $previousFallbackEAP = $ErrorActionPreference
            $ErrorActionPreference = "Continue"
            & $UvCmd python install $fallbackVer --no-bin --no-registry --no-config 2>&1 | Out-Null
            $ErrorActionPreference = $previousFallbackEAP
            $resolvedPython = Resolve-AvailablePythonVersion
            if ($resolvedPython) {
                $ver = & $resolvedPython.Path --version 2>$null
                Write-Success "Python fallback installed: $ver"
                return $true
            }
        } catch {
            if ($previousFallbackEAP) { $ErrorActionPreference = $previousFallbackEAP }
        }
    }

    Write-Err "Failed to install Python $PythonVersion"
    Write-Info "Check network access to uv's managed Python downloads, then retry."
    return $false
}

$script:GitInstallFailureReason = $null
$script:GitBashPath = $null
$script:GitBashProbeOutput = $null

function Test-GitBashCompatibility {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Verify that Git Bash can launch external MSYS programs, not just evaluate
    shell builtins. Mandatory ASLR can allow bash.exe itself to start while
    every child linked to msys-2.0.dll fails during fork/spawn.
    #>
    param([Parameter(Mandatory = $true)][string]$BashPath)

    $script:GitBashProbeOutput = $null
    if (-not (Test-Path -LiteralPath $BashPath)) {
        $script:GitBashProbeOutput = "bash.exe was not found at $BashPath"
        return $false
    }

    $process = New-Object System.Diagnostics.Process
    try {
        $startInfo = New-Object System.Diagnostics.ProcessStartInfo
        $startInfo.FileName = $BashPath
        $startInfo.Arguments = '--noprofile --norc -c "/usr/bin/true; /usr/bin/cat --version >/dev/null"'
        $startInfo.UseShellExecute = $false
        $startInfo.CreateNoWindow = $true
        $startInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = $true
        $startInfo.RedirectStandardError = $true
        $process.StartInfo = $startInfo

        if (-not $process.Start()) {
            $script:GitBashProbeOutput = "bash.exe did not start"
            return $false
        }
        if (-not $process.WaitForExit(15000)) {
            try { $process.Kill() } catch { }
            $script:GitBashProbeOutput = "Git Bash compatibility probe timed out"
            return $false
        }

        $stdout = $process.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd()
        $stderr = $process.StandardError.ReadToEnd()
        $script:GitBashProbeOutput = ("$stdout`n$stderr").Trim()
        return ($process.ExitCode -eq 0)
    } catch {
        $script:GitBashProbeOutput = $_.Exception.Message
        return $false
    } finally {
        $process.Dispose()
    }
}

function Test-MandatoryAslrEnabled {
    <# Return true only when Windows reports system-wide ForceRelocateImages=ON. #>
    try {
        $cmd = Get-Command Get-ProcessMitigation -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
        if (-not $cmd) { return $false }
        $mitigations = & $cmd -System
        $value = $mitigations.Aslr.ForceRelocateImages
        return ($null -ne $value -and $value.ToString().ToUpperInvariant() -eq "ON")
    } catch {
        return $false
    }
}

function Get-GitRootFromBashPath {
    param([Parameter(Mandatory = $true)][string]$BashPath)

    $binDir = Split-Path -Path $BashPath -Parent
    if ((Split-Path -Path $binDir -Leaf) -ine "bin") {
        return (Split-Path -Path $binDir -Parent)
    }

    $parent = Split-Path -Path $binDir -Parent
    if ((Split-Path -Path $parent -Leaf) -ieq "usr") {
        return (Split-Path -Path $parent -Parent)
    }
    return $parent
}

function New-GitBashAslrFailureReason {
    param([Parameter(Mandatory = $true)][string]$BashPath)

    $gitRoot = Get-GitRootFromBashPath -BashPath $BashPath
    $escapedRoot = $gitRoot -replace "'", "''"
    return @(
        "Git Bash at $BashPath cannot launch required MSYS child processes because Windows Mandatory ASLR (ForceRelocateImages) is enabled system-wide. Reinstalling Git will not change this policy."
        "Open PowerShell as Administrator and run:"
        "`$gitRoot = '$escapedRoot'"
        'Get-Item "$gitRoot\bin\bash.exe", "$gitRoot\usr\bin\*.exe" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | ForEach-Object { Set-ProcessMitigation -Name $_.FullName -Disable ForceRelocateImages }'
        "Then rerun Hermes setup. If the override is blocked or later re-applied, ask your Windows administrator to allow this per-program exception."
    ) -join [Environment]::NewLine
}

function Install-Git {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Ensure Git (and Git Bash) are installed.  Git for Windows bundles bash.exe
    which Hermes uses to run shell commands.

    Priority order (deliberately simple -- no winget, no registry, no system
    package manager):
      1. Existing ``git`` on PATH -- use it as-is (the common fast path).
      2. Download **PortableGit** from the official git-for-windows GitHub
         release (self-extracting 7z.exe) and unpack it to
         ``%LOCALAPPDATA%\hermes\git`` -- never touches system Git, never
         requires admin, works even on locked-down machines and machines
         with a broken system Git install.

    **Why PortableGit, not MinGit:**  MinGit is the minimal-automation
    distribution and ships ONLY ``git.exe`` -- no bash, no POSIX utilities.
    Hermes needs ``bash.exe`` to run shell commands.  PortableGit is the
    full Git for Windows distribution without the installer UI; it ships
    ``git.exe`` + ``bash.exe`` + ``sh``, ``awk``, ``sed``, ``grep``, ``curl``,
    ``ssh``, etc. in ``usr\bin\``.

    We deliberately skip winget because it fails badly when the system Git
    install is in a half-installed state (partially registered, or uninstall-
    blocked).  Owning the Hermes copy of Git ourselves is predictable and
    recoverable: if it ever breaks, ``Remove-Item %LOCALAPPDATA%\hermes\git``
    and re-running this installer fully recovers.

    After install we locate ``bash.exe`` and persist the path in
    ``HERMES_GIT_BASH_PATH`` (User scope) so Hermes can find it in a fresh
    shell without a second PATH refresh.
    #>
    $script:GitInstallFailureReason = $null
    Write-Info "Checking Git..."

    if (Get-Command git -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) {
        $version = git --version
        Write-Success "Git found ($version)"
        Set-GitBashEnvVar
        if ($script:GitBashPath -and (Test-GitBashCompatibility -BashPath $script:GitBashPath)) {
            Write-Success "Git Bash can launch MSYS programs"
            return $true
        }

        if ($script:GitBashPath -and (Test-MandatoryAslrEnabled)) {
            $script:GitInstallFailureReason = New-GitBashAslrFailureReason -BashPath $script:GitBashPath
            Write-Err $script:GitInstallFailureReason
            return $false
        }

        if ($script:GitBashPath) {
            $probeDetail = if ($script:GitBashProbeOutput) { ": $script:GitBashProbeOutput" } else { "" }
            Write-Warn "System Git Bash could not launch required MSYS programs$probeDetail"
        } else {
            Write-Warn "Git is on PATH, but its Git Bash installation could not be located."
        }
        Write-Info "Trying a Hermes-managed PortableGit install instead..."
    }

    # Download PortableGit into $HermesHome\git.  Always works as long as
    # we can reach github.com -- no admin, no winget, no reliance on the
    # user's possibly-broken system Git install.
    Write-Info "Git not found -- downloading PortableGit to $HermesHome\git\ ..."
    Write-Info "(no admin rights required; isolated from any system Git install)"

    try {
        $arch = Get-WindowsArch
        if ($arch -eq 'arm64') {
            $assetTag = 'arm64'
            $downloadIsZip = $false
        } elseif ($arch -eq 'x64') {
            $assetTag = '64-bit'
            $downloadIsZip = $false
        } else {
            # PortableGit does not ship 32-bit / arm builds -- fall back to MinGit
            # 32-bit with a warning that bash-based features will be unavailable.
            $assetTag = '32-bit-mingit'
            $downloadIsZip = $true
        }

        # Pinned git-for-windows release. We deliberately do NOT hit
        # api.github.com/repos/.../releases/latest here: that endpoint
        # is rate-limited to 60 requests/hour/IP for unauthenticated
        # callers, and users behind CGNAT / corporate NAT / dorm WiFi
        # routinely hit the limit, breaking the installer.
        # Static github.com/.../releases/download/<tag>/<asset> URLs
        # are not subject to the API rate limit.
        $gitTag    = "v2.54.0.windows.1"
        $gitVer    = "2.54.0"
        $gitVerTag = "$gitVer.windows.1"

        if ($arch -eq "32-bit-mingit") {
            Write-Warn "32-bit Windows detected -- PortableGit is 64-bit only.  Installing MinGit 32-bit as a last resort; bash-dependent Hermes features (terminal tool, agent-browser) will not work on this machine."
            $assetName    = "MinGit-$gitVer-32-bit.zip"
            $downloadIsZip = $true
        } elseif ($arch -eq "arm64") {
            $assetName    = "PortableGit-$gitVer-arm64.7z.exe"
            $downloadIsZip = $false
        } else {
            $assetName    = "PortableGit-$gitVer-64-bit.7z.exe"
            $downloadIsZip = $false
        }

        $downloadUrl = "https://github.com/git-for-windows/git/releases/download/$gitTag/$assetName"
        $downloadExt = if ($downloadIsZip) { "zip" } else { "7z.exe" }
        $tmpFile = "$env:TEMP\$assetName"
        $gitDir = "$HermesHome\git"

        Write-Info "Downloading $assetName (Git for Windows $gitVerTag)..."
        Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $downloadUrl -OutFile $tmpFile -UseBasicParsing

        if (Test-Path $gitDir) {
            Write-Info "Removing previous Git install at $gitDir ..."
            Remove-Item -Recurse -Force $gitDir
        }
        New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $gitDir -Force | Out-Null

        if ($downloadIsZip) {
            Expand-Archive -Path $tmpFile -DestinationPath $gitDir -Force
        } else {
            # PortableGit is a self-extracting 7z archive.  Invoke it with
            # `-o<target> -y` (silent) to extract to $gitDir.  No 7z install
            # required; it's fully self-contained.
            Write-Info "Extracting PortableGit to $gitDir ..."
            $extractProc = Start-Process -FilePath $tmpFile `
                -ArgumentList "-o`"$gitDir`"", "-y" `
                -NoNewWindow -Wait -PassThru
            if ($extractProc.ExitCode -ne 0) {
                throw "PortableGit extraction failed (exit code $($extractProc.ExitCode))"
            }
        }
        Remove-Item -Force $tmpFile -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue

        # PortableGit layout: cmd\git.exe + bin\bash.exe + usr\bin\ (coreutils)
        # MinGit layout:      cmd\git.exe + usr\bin\bash.exe (if present)
        $gitExe = "$gitDir\cmd\git.exe"
        if (-not (Test-Path $gitExe)) {
            throw "Git extraction did not produce git.exe at $gitExe"
        }

        # Add to session PATH so the rest of this install run can use git.
        $env:Path = "$gitDir\cmd;$env:Path"

        # Persist to User PATH so fresh shells see it.  PortableGit needs
        # cmd\ (for git.exe), bin\ (for bash.exe + core tools), and
        # usr\bin\ (for perl, ssh, curl, and other POSIX coreutils).
        $newPathEntries = @(
            "$gitDir\cmd",
            "$gitDir\bin",
            "$gitDir\usr\bin"
        )
        $userPath = [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("Path", "User")
        $userPathItems = if ($userPath) { $userPath -split ";" } else { @() }
        $changed = $false
        foreach ($entry in $newPathEntries) {
            if ($userPathItems -notcontains $entry) {
                $userPathItems += $entry
                $changed = $true
            }
        }
        if ($changed) {
            [Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("Path", ($userPathItems -join ";"), "User")
        }

        $version = & $gitExe --version
        Write-Success "Git $version installed to $gitDir (portable, user-scoped)"
        Set-GitBashEnvVar
        if (-not $script:GitBashPath) {
            throw "PortableGit extraction did not produce a usable bash.exe"
        }
        if (-not (Test-GitBashCompatibility -BashPath $script:GitBashPath)) {
            if (Test-MandatoryAslrEnabled) {
                $script:GitInstallFailureReason = New-GitBashAslrFailureReason -BashPath $script:GitBashPath
            } else {
                $probeDetail = if ($script:GitBashProbeOutput) { " Probe output: $script:GitBashProbeOutput" } else { "" }
                $script:GitInstallFailureReason = "Git Bash at $script:GitBashPath exists but cannot launch required MSYS programs.$probeDetail"
            }
            throw $script:GitInstallFailureReason
        }
        Write-Success "Git Bash can launch MSYS programs"
        return $true
    } catch {
        if ($script:GitInstallFailureReason) {
            Write-Err $script:GitInstallFailureReason
            return $false
        }
        Write-Err "Could not install portable Git: $_"
        Write-Info ""
        Write-Info "Fallback: install Git manually from https://git-scm.com/download/win"
        Write-Info "then re-run this installer.  Hermes needs Git Bash on Windows to run"
        Write-Info "shell commands (same as Claude Code and other coding agents)."
        return $false
    }
}

function Set-GitBashEnvVar {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Locate ``bash.exe`` from an already-installed Git and persist the path in
    ``HERMES_GIT_BASH_PATH`` (User env scope) so Hermes can find it even before
    PATH propagation completes in a newly-spawned shell.
    #>
    $script:GitBashPath = $null
    $candidates = @()

    # Our own portable Git install is ALWAYS checked first, so a broken
    # system Git doesn't hijack us.  If the user had a working system Git
    # we'd have returned early from Install-Git's fast path and never called
    # this with a system-Git-only installation anyway.
    #
    # Layouts:
    #   PortableGit (our default): $HermesHome\git\bin\bash.exe
    #   MinGit (32-bit fallback):  $HermesHome\git\usr\bin\bash.exe
    $candidates += "$HermesHome\git\bin\bash.exe"       # PortableGit layout (primary)
    $candidates += "$HermesHome\git\usr\bin\bash.exe"   # MinGit / PortableGit usr\bin fallback

    # git.exe on PATH can tell us where the install root is
    $gitCmd = Get-Command git -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
    if ($gitCmd) {
        $gitExe = $gitCmd.Source
        # Git for Windows (full installer): <root>\cmd\git.exe + <root>\bin\bash.exe
        # MinGit:                           <root>\cmd\git.exe + <root>\usr\bin\bash.exe
        $gitRoot = Split-Path (Split-Path $gitExe -Parent) -Parent
        $candidates += "$gitRoot\bin\bash.exe"
        $candidates += "$gitRoot\usr\bin\bash.exe"
    }

    # Standard system install locations as a final fallback.  Note:
    # ProgramFiles(x86) can't be referenced via ${env:...} string interpolation
    # because of the parens -- use [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable().
    $candidates += "${env:ProgramFiles}\Git\bin\bash.exe"
    $pf86 = [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("ProgramFiles(x86)")
    if ($pf86) { $candidates += "$pf86\Git\bin\bash.exe" }
    $candidates += "${env:LocalAppData}\Programs\Git\bin\bash.exe"

    foreach ($candidate in $candidates) {
        if ($candidate -and (Test-Path $candidate)) {
            [Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("HERMES_GIT_BASH_PATH", $candidate, "User")
            $env:HERMES_GIT_BASH_PATH = $candidate
            $script:GitBashPath = $candidate
            Write-Info "Set HERMES_GIT_BASH_PATH=$candidate"
            return
        }
    }

    Write-Warn "Could not locate bash.exe -- Hermes may not find Git Bash."
    Write-Info "If needed, set HERMES_GIT_BASH_PATH manually to your bash.exe path."
}

# The dependency tree supports Node 22.22+, 24.11+, and 26+. nanoid 6 excludes
# Node 23 and 25 while its >=26 arm accepts later releases, and @babel/* 8.x
# requires ^22.18.0 || >=24.11.0 -- so accepting 23/25 or an early Node 24
# only defers the failure to `npm ci` under engine-strict. Keep this in sync
# with the root package.json.
function Test-NodeVersionOk {
    param([string]$Version)
    if ($Version -match '-') { return $false }
    try {
        $v = [version]($Version -replace '^v', '')
    } catch {
        return $false
    }
    if ($v.Major -eq 22) { return ($v.Minor -ge 22) }
    if ($v.Major -eq 24) { return ($v.Minor -ge 11) }
    return ($v.Major -ge 26)
}

# Accept a system Node only when its companion npm also satisfies the same
# range used to provision the Hermes-managed tree. Keeping this probe separate
# lets the initial PATH check and the post-winget check share one authority.
function Test-SystemNodeReady {
    if (-not (Get-Command node -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) { return $false }

    $version = node --version
    if (Test-NodeVersionOk $version) {
        Ensure-NodeExeOnPath | Out-Null
    } else {
        Write-Warn "Node.js $version is unsupported (Hermes requires Node 22.22+, 24.11+, or 26+)"
        return $false
    }

    $npmRange = Get-NpmRange
    $npmCmd = Get-Command npm.cmd -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
    if (-not $npmCmd) {
        $npmCmd = Get-Command npm -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
    }

    $npmVersion = $null
    if ($npmCmd) {
        try {
            $npmVersion = (& $npmCmd --version 2>$null | Select-Object -First 1)
        } catch { }
    }

    if ($npmVersion -and (Test-NpmVersionOk $npmVersion $npmRange)) {
        Write-Success "Node.js $version with npm $npmVersion found"
        return $true
    }

    if ($npmVersion) {
        Write-Warn "Node.js $version uses npm $npmVersion, which does not satisfy Hermes requirement $npmRange"
    } else {
        Write-Warn "Node.js $version was found, but npm is missing or could not report its version"
    }
    return $false
}

function Test-Node {
    Write-Info "Checking Node.js (for browser tools)..."

    if (Test-SystemNodeReady) {
        $script:HasNode = $true
        return $true
    }

    Write-Info "Using a Hermes-managed Node.js installation instead..."

    # Prefer a Hermes-managed Node from a previous run over a too-old system one.
    $managedNode = "$HermesHome\node\node.exe"
    if ((Test-Path $managedNode) -and (Test-NodeVersionOk (& $managedNode --version))) {
        $version = & $managedNode --version
        $env:Path = "$HermesHome\node;$env:Path"
        Set-ManagedNodeFirstOnUserPath "$HermesHome\node"
        Write-Success "Node.js $version found (Hermes-managed)"
        # A tree from an older install still has that Node major's bundled
        # npm, which is below the current engines.npm floor. No-ops when the
        # npm is already in range, so reruns cost one --version probe.
        Update-ManagedNpm "$HermesHome\node" | Out-Null
        $script:HasNode = $true
        return $true
    }

    Write-Info "Installing Hermes-managed Node.js $NodeVersion LTS..."

    # Try the portable-zip path FIRST -- no UAC, no admin, no winget MSI.
    # winget install OpenJS.NodeJS.LTS triggers a system-wide MSI install
    # which prompts UAC (the dialog often appears minimized in the taskbar
    # and the install silently waits for consent, looking like a hang).
    # The portable zip path drops node.exe + npm into $HermesHome\node\
    # which is user-scoped and identical to how Install-Git handles
    # PortableGit.  Same UX guarantee: works on locked-down enterprise
    # machines with no admin rights.
    Write-Info "Downloading portable Node.js $NodeVersion to $HermesHome\node\ ..."
    Write-Info "(no admin rights required; isolated from any system Node install)"
    try {
        $arch = Get-WindowsArch
        $indexUrl = "https://nodejs.org/dist/latest-v${NodeVersion}.x/"
        $indexPage = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $indexUrl -UseBasicParsing
        $zipName = ($indexPage.Content | Select-String -Pattern "node-v${NodeVersion}\.\d+\.\d+-win-${arch}\.zip" -AllMatches).Matches[0].Value

        if ($zipName) {
            $downloadUrl = "${indexUrl}${zipName}"
            $tmpZip = "$env:TEMP\$zipName"
            $tmpDir = "$env:TEMP\hermes-node-extract"

            Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $downloadUrl -OutFile $tmpZip -UseBasicParsing
            if (Test-Path $tmpDir) { Remove-Item -Recurse -Force $tmpDir }
            Expand-Archive -Path $tmpZip -DestinationPath $tmpDir -Force

            $extractedDir = Get-ChildItem $tmpDir -Directory | Select-Object -First 1
            if ($extractedDir) {
                # Rename-swap instead of delete-then-move: the live tree is
                # never removed before its replacement is fully extracted.
                # Windows permits renaming a tree with running executables,
                # but if a process holds it without FILE_SHARE_DELETE the
                # rename fails with WinError 5 -- that refusal means the tree
                # is in use, so defer instead of forcing the write (#80926).
                # Best-effort sweep of staging/backup litter from interrupted
                # runs; locked files simply stay for the next attempt.  Only
                # dirs older than 10 minutes are removed so a concurrent
                # heal's in-flight swap is never disturbed.
                Get-ChildItem "$HermesHome" -Directory -Filter "node.old-*" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
                    Where-Object { $_.LastWriteTime -lt (Get-Date).AddMinutes(-10) } |
                    Remove-Item -Recurse -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
                Get-ChildItem "$HermesHome" -Directory -Filter "node.new-*" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
                    Where-Object { $_.LastWriteTime -lt (Get-Date).AddMinutes(-10) } |
                    Remove-Item -Recurse -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
                $stamp = [Guid]::NewGuid().ToString("N")
                $staged = "$HermesHome\node.new-$stamp"
                $backup = "$HermesHome\node.old-$stamp"
                # Stage to a sibling directory so the final swap is a
                # same-volume rename (atomic), not a cross-volume Move-Item
                # (copy+delete, non-atomic -- a partial copy would leave a
                # broken tree).  Move from $env:TEMP here, rename below.
                try {
                    Move-Item $extractedDir.FullName $staged -ErrorAction Stop
                } catch {
                    Write-Warn "Failed to stage the new Node.js tree; aborting the Node upgrade."
                    Remove-Item -Recurse -Force $tmpDir -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
                    Remove-Item -Force $tmpZip -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
                    return $false
                }
                if (Test-Path "$HermesHome\node") {
                    try {
                        Rename-Item "$HermesHome\node" $backup -ErrorAction Stop
                    } catch {
                        Write-Warn "Hermes-managed Node.js is in use by a running app; deferring its upgrade. Close the app and re-run the update."
                        Remove-Item -Recurse -Force $staged -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
                        Remove-Item -Recurse -Force $tmpDir -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
                        Remove-Item -Force $tmpZip -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
                        return $false
                    }
                    # A rename preserves LastWriteTime, so a backup renamed
                    # from a long-lived tree would instantly look older than
                    # the litter-sweep cutoff to a concurrent heal.  Touch it
                    # (best-effort) so the in-flight backup is never swept.
                    try {
                        (Get-Item $backup).LastWriteTime = Get-Date
                    } catch { }
                    try {
                        Rename-Item $staged "$HermesHome\node" -ErrorAction Stop
                    } catch {
                        # Restore the live tree before bailing.  The swap is a
                        # same-volume rename, so a failure leaves no partial
                        # target to clear.
                        Rename-Item $backup "$HermesHome\node" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
                        Remove-Item -Recurse -Force $staged -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
                        Remove-Item -Recurse -Force $tmpDir -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
                        Remove-Item -Force $tmpZip -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
                        return $false
                    }
                    Remove-Item -Recurse -Force $backup -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
                } else {
                    try {
                        Rename-Item $staged "$HermesHome\node" -ErrorAction Stop
                    } catch {
                        Remove-Item -Recurse -Force $staged -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
                        Remove-Item -Recurse -Force $tmpDir -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
                        Remove-Item -Force $tmpZip -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
                        return $false
                    }
                }

                # Session PATH so the rest of this run sees node/npm.
                $env:Path = "$HermesHome\node;$env:Path"

                # Persist to User PATH so fresh shells (and future stages
                # in cross-process driver mode) see it.  Matches the
                # pattern Install-Git uses for PortableGit.  See
                # Set-ManagedNodeFirstOnUserPath for why this is a
                # move-to-front and not an add-if-missing.
                Set-ManagedNodeFirstOnUserPath "$HermesHome\node"

                $version = & "$HermesHome\node\node.exe" --version
                Write-Success "Node.js $version installed to $HermesHome\node\ (portable, user-scoped)"
                # The zip's bundled npm is below the repo's engines.npm floor.
                Update-ManagedNpm "$HermesHome\node" | Out-Null
                $script:HasNode = $true

                Remove-Item -Force $tmpZip -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
                Remove-Item -Recurse -Force $tmpDir -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
                return $true
            }
        }
    } catch {
        Write-Warn "Portable Node.js download failed: $_"
    }

    # Fallback: try winget (used to be primary, demoted because the MSI
    # install triggers a UAC prompt that frequently appears minimized in
    # the taskbar -- looks like a hang to users on stock Windows).
    # Kept for environments where the portable download fails (proxy,
    # locked firewall, etc.) but the user is willing to consent to UAC.
    if (Get-Command winget -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) {
        Write-Info "Falling back to winget (may prompt UAC -- check your taskbar for a flashing icon)..."
        # Capture EAP outside the try block so the catch's restore call always
        # has a meaningful value (see Install-Uv for the full rationale).
        $prevEAP = $ErrorActionPreference
        try {
            # Relax EAP=Stop so stderr lines from winget don't get wrapped
            # as ErrorRecords and short-circuit the 2>&1 pipe before we can
            # check the post-condition.  See the long comment in Install-Uv
            # for the same pattern.
            $ErrorActionPreference = "Continue"
            # On ARM64, force winget to fetch the ARM64 installer.  Without
            # the explicit override, winget on WoW64 sometimes still resolves
            # to x64 manifests, leaving us with an emulated Node toolchain
            # even after a "successful" install.  The OpenJS manifest does
            # publish an arm64 installer, so this is safe.
            $wingetArgs = @(
                'install','OpenJS.NodeJS','--silent',
                '--accept-package-agreements','--accept-source-agreements'
            )
            if ((Get-WindowsArch) -eq 'arm64') {
                $wingetArgs += @('--architecture','arm64')
            }
            winget @wingetArgs 2>&1 | Out-Null
            $ErrorActionPreference = $prevEAP
            # Refresh PATH
            $env:Path = [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("Path", "User") + ";" + [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("Path", "Machine")
            if (Test-SystemNodeReady) {
                $script:HasNode = $true
                return $true
            }
        } catch {
            if ($prevEAP) { $ErrorActionPreference = $prevEAP }
        }
    }


    Write-Info "Install manually: https://nodejs.org/en/download/"
    $script:HasNode = $false
    return $true
}

function Update-ProcessPathForPackages {
    # Make freshly-installed shims (rg.exe, ffmpeg.exe) visible to Get-Command in
    # THIS process without spawning a new shell, by folding the persisted
    # User+Machine hives plus winget's alias-shim directory into $env:Path.
    # Called after every package-manager attempt (winget/choco/scoop): previously
    # PATH was only refreshed inside the winget branch, so a successful
    # choco/scoop fallback -- or any install on a box without winget -- could be
    # misreported as "not installed".
    #
    # MERGE rather than overwrite: start from the existing process PATH so any
    # process-only entries added earlier in this installer run survive, then
    # APPEND hive/winget-Links entries not already present (case-insensitive,
    # order-preserving dedupe). A wholesale replace would silently drop those
    # process-only entries.
    $candidates = @()
    $candidates += $env:Path
    $candidates += [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("Path", "User")
    $candidates += [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("Path", "Machine")
    $wingetLinks = Join-Path $env:LOCALAPPDATA "Microsoft\WinGet\Links"
    if (Test-Path $wingetLinks) {
        $candidates += $wingetLinks
    }
    $seen = New-Object System.Collections.Generic.HashSet[string] ([StringComparer]::OrdinalIgnoreCase)
    $ordered = New-Object System.Collections.Generic.List[string]
    foreach ($chunk in $candidates) {
        if ([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($chunk)) { continue }
        foreach ($entry in $chunk.Split(';')) {
            $trimmed = $entry.Trim()
            if ($trimmed -and $seen.Add($trimmed)) {
                $ordered.Add($trimmed)
            }
        }
    }
    $env:Path = [string]::Join(';', $ordered)
}

function Install-SystemPackages {
    $script:HasRipgrep = $false
    $script:HasFfmpeg = $false
    $needRipgrep = $false
    $needFfmpeg = $false

    Write-Info "Checking ripgrep (fast file search)..."
    if (Get-Command rg -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) {
        $version = rg --version | Select-Object -First 1
        Write-Success "$version found"
        $script:HasRipgrep = $true
    } else {
        $needRipgrep = $true
    }

    Write-Info "Checking ffmpeg (TTS voice messages)..."
    if (Get-Command ffmpeg -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) {
        Write-Success "ffmpeg found"
        $script:HasFfmpeg = $true
    } else {
        $needFfmpeg = $true
    }

    if (-not $needRipgrep -and -not $needFfmpeg) { return }

    # Build description and package lists for each package manager
    $descParts = @()
    $wingetPkgs = @()
    $chocoPkgs = @()
    $scoopPkgs = @()

    if ($needRipgrep) {
        $descParts += "ripgrep for faster file search"
        $wingetPkgs += "BurntSushi.ripgrep.MSVC"
        $chocoPkgs += "ripgrep"
        $scoopPkgs += "ripgrep"
    }
    if ($needFfmpeg) {
        $descParts += "ffmpeg for TTS voice messages"
        $wingetPkgs += "Gyan.FFmpeg"
        $chocoPkgs += "ffmpeg"
        $scoopPkgs += "ffmpeg"
    }

    $description = $descParts -join " and "
    $hasWinget = Get-Command winget -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
    $hasChoco = Get-Command choco -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
    $hasScoop = Get-Command scoop -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue

    # Try winget first (most common on modern Windows)
    if ($hasWinget) {
        Write-Info "Installing $description via winget..."
        # Per-package log paths -- key the lookup by package id so we can
        # decide AFTER the post-install Get-Command check whether to keep
        # the log (still missing -> keep as breadcrumb) or delete it (now
        # present -> happy path, no clutter).
        $pkgLogs = @{}
        foreach ($pkg in $wingetPkgs) {
            $log = "$env:TEMP\hermes-winget-$($pkg -replace '[^A-Za-z0-9]','_')-$(Get-Random).log"
            $pkgLogs[$pkg] = $log
            # --source winget pins us to the github-backed source.  Without this,
            # a broken msstore source (cert validation failures like 0x8a15005e
            # are common on Windows-on-ARM and some corporate networks) makes
            # winget bail with "please specify --source" *before* attempting any
            # install -- and it exits 0, so the surrounding try/catch never fires.
            # We don't ship anything from msstore, so pinning is safe.
            try {
                $output = winget install --exact --id $pkg --source winget --silent `
                    --accept-package-agreements --accept-source-agreements 2>&1
                $code = $LASTEXITCODE
                $output | Out-File -FilePath $log -Encoding utf8
                "winget exit: $code" | Out-File -FilePath $log -Encoding utf8 -Append
                # 0x8A15002B (-1978335189) = APPINSTALLER_CLI_ERROR_UPDATE_NOT_APPLICABLE.
                # winget treats `install` on a package it already has registered as
                # an *upgrade*, finds no newer version, and bails with this code --
                # even when the binary is gone from disk/PATH (stale registration,
                # files removed outside winget, or a missing alias shim). We KNOW the
                # command was missing (that's why we're here), so a plain install
                # dead-ends forever. Force a reinstall to repair the registration so
                # the shim reappears.
                if ($code -eq -1978335189) {
                    "-> already-installed/no-upgrade; retrying with --force" | Out-File -FilePath $log -Encoding utf8 -Append
                    $output = winget install --exact --id $pkg --source winget --silent --force `
                        --accept-package-agreements --accept-source-agreements 2>&1
                    $output | Out-File -FilePath $log -Encoding utf8 -Append
                    "winget exit (force): $LASTEXITCODE" | Out-File -FilePath $log -Encoding utf8 -Append
                }
            } catch {
                $_ | Out-File -FilePath $log -Encoding utf8 -Append
                "winget exit: <exception>" | Out-File -FilePath $log -Encoding utf8 -Append
            }
        }
        # Refresh PATH so packages winget exposed via "command line aliases" in
        # %LOCALAPPDATA%\Microsoft\WinGet\Links (added to PATH only in
        # newly-spawned shells, not this process) are visible to Get-Command below.
        Update-ProcessPathForPackages
        if ($needRipgrep -and (Get-Command rg -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {
            Write-Success "ripgrep installed"
            $script:HasRipgrep = $true
            $needRipgrep = $false
            Remove-Item -Path $pkgLogs["BurntSushi.ripgrep.MSVC"] -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
        } elseif ($pkgLogs.ContainsKey("BurntSushi.ripgrep.MSVC")) {
            Write-Warn "winget could not install ripgrep; details: $($pkgLogs['BurntSushi.ripgrep.MSVC'])"
        }
        if ($needFfmpeg -and (Get-Command ffmpeg -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {
            Write-Success "ffmpeg installed"
            $script:HasFfmpeg = $true
            $needFfmpeg = $false
            Remove-Item -Path $pkgLogs["Gyan.FFmpeg"] -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
        } elseif ($pkgLogs.ContainsKey("Gyan.FFmpeg")) {
            Write-Warn "winget could not install ffmpeg; details: $($pkgLogs['Gyan.FFmpeg'])"
        }
        if (-not $needRipgrep -and -not $needFfmpeg) { return }
    }

    # Fallback: choco
    if ($hasChoco -and ($needRipgrep -or $needFfmpeg)) {
        Write-Info "Trying Chocolatey..."
        foreach ($pkg in $chocoPkgs) {
            try { choco install $pkg -y 2>&1 | Out-Null } catch { }
        }
        Update-ProcessPathForPackages
        if ($needRipgrep -and (Get-Command rg -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {
            Write-Success "ripgrep installed via chocolatey"
            $script:HasRipgrep = $true
            $needRipgrep = $false
        }
        if ($needFfmpeg -and (Get-Command ffmpeg -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {
            Write-Success "ffmpeg installed via chocolatey"
            $script:HasFfmpeg = $true
            $needFfmpeg = $false
        }
    }

    # Fallback: scoop
    if ($hasScoop -and ($needRipgrep -or $needFfmpeg)) {
        Write-Info "Trying Scoop..."
        foreach ($pkg in $scoopPkgs) {
            try { scoop install $pkg 2>&1 | Out-Null } catch { }
        }
        Update-ProcessPathForPackages
        if ($needRipgrep -and (Get-Command rg -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {
            Write-Success "ripgrep installed via scoop"
            $script:HasRipgrep = $true
            $needRipgrep = $false
        }
        if ($needFfmpeg -and (Get-Command ffmpeg -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {
            Write-Success "ffmpeg installed via scoop"
            $script:HasFfmpeg = $true
            $needFfmpeg = $false
        }
    }

    # Show manual instructions for anything still missing
    if ($needRipgrep) {
        Write-Warn "ripgrep not installed (file search will use findstr fallback)"
        Write-Info "  winget install BurntSushi.ripgrep.MSVC"
    }
    if ($needFfmpeg) {
        Write-Warn "ffmpeg not installed (TTS voice messages will be limited)"
        Write-Info "  winget install Gyan.FFmpeg"
    }
}

# ============================================================================
# Installation
# ============================================================================

function Install-Repository {
    Write-Info "Installing to $InstallDir..."

    $didUpdate = $false

    if (Test-Path $InstallDir) {
        # Test-Path "$InstallDir\.git" returns True when .git is a file OR a
        # directory OR a symlink OR a submodule-style gitfile -- and also when
        # it's a broken stub left over from a failed previous install (e.g.
        # a partial Remove-Item that couldn't delete a locked index.lock).
        # Validate the repo properly by asking git itself.  Three checks
        # belt-and-braces: rev-parse (work tree), git status, and a resolvable
        # HEAD (an initial commit).  If any fails the repo is broken and we
        # fall through to a fresh clone.
        $repoValid = $false
        if (Test-Path "$InstallDir\.git") {
            Push-Location $InstallDir
            try {
                # Reset $LASTEXITCODE before the probe so we don't pick up
                # a stale 0 from an earlier git call in this session.
                $global:LASTEXITCODE = 0
                $revParseOut = & git -c windows.appendAtomically=false rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree 2>&1
                $revParseOk = ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) -and ($revParseOut -match "true")

                $global:LASTEXITCODE = 0
                $null = & git -c windows.appendAtomically=false status --short 2>&1
                $statusOk = ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0)

                # An interrupted previous clone leaves a repo with NO initial
                # commit. rev-parse/status still succeed there, but the update
                # path's `git stash` (and later `git checkout`) abort with
                # "You do not have the initial commit yet" and fail the install
                # (#40998). Require a resolvable HEAD so such partial checkouts
                # are treated as broken and re-cloned fresh below.
                $global:LASTEXITCODE = 0
                $null = & git -c windows.appendAtomically=false rev-parse --verify HEAD 2>&1
                $hasCommit = ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0)

                if ($revParseOk -and $statusOk -and $hasCommit) {
                    $repoValid = $true
                }
            } catch {}
            Pop-Location
        }

        if ($repoValid) {
            Write-Info "Existing installation found, updating..."
            Push-Location $InstallDir
            # Wrap the entire fetch+checkout block in EAP=Continue so git's
            # routine stderr output (e.g. 'From <url>' info lines emitted by
            # `git fetch`) doesn't terminate the script under the global
            # EAP=Stop.  We rely on $LASTEXITCODE for actual failures.
            $prevEAP = $ErrorActionPreference
            $ErrorActionPreference = "Continue"
            $autostashRef = ""
            try {
                # This is a MANAGED checkout, not a repo the user edits. Git for
                # Windows defaults to core.autocrlf=true, which renormalizes the
                # repo's LF-only text files to CRLF in the working tree -- so
                # tracked files (.envrc, AGENTS.md, agent/*.py, workflows, ...)
                # show as locally modified even though nobody touched them. A
                # bare `git checkout` then aborts with "Your local changes would
                # be overwritten by checkout", which is exactly the failure GUI
                # users hit on update. Pin autocrlf=false so the dirt is never
                # created in the first place.
                git -c windows.appendAtomically=false config core.autocrlf false 2>$null
                Discard-LockfileChurn $InstallDir
                # Preserve any real local changes before the checkout instead of
                # discarding them with `reset --hard HEAD`. The old hard reset
                # silently destroyed agent-edited source on managed clones (the
                # #38542 data-loss class). Stash + restore mirrors install.sh:
                # nothing is lost, and a failed restore leaves the work in a
                # git stash for manual recovery. Untracked files are included so
                # agent-created dirs (e.g. tinker-atropos/) survive too.
                $statusOut = git -c windows.appendAtomically=false status --porcelain 2>$null
                if (-not [string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace(($statusOut -join "`n"))) {
                    # A previously interrupted update can leave the index with
                    # unmerged entries. In that state `git stash` aborts with
                    # "could not write index" and the following `git checkout`
                    # aborts with "you need to resolve your current index first"
                    # -- the GUI "git checkout main failed (exit 1)" install
                    # failure. Clear the conflict markers with `git reset` first:
                    # working-tree changes are kept (and stashed just below); only
                    # the index conflict state is dropped. Mirrors the `hermes
                    # update` path (#4735).
                    $unmergedOut = git -c windows.appendAtomically=false ls-files --unmerged 2>$null
                    if (-not [string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace(($unmergedOut -join "`n"))) {
                        Write-Info "Clearing unmerged index entries from a previous conflict..."
                        git -c windows.appendAtomically=false reset -q 2>$null
                    }
                    $stashName = "hermes-install-autostash-" + (Get-Date -Format "yyyyMMdd-HHmmss")
                    Write-Info "Local changes detected, stashing before update..."
                    git -c windows.appendAtomically=false stash push --include-untracked -m "$stashName"
                    if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { $autostashRef = "stash@{0}" }
                }
                git -c windows.appendAtomically=false fetch origin $Branch
                if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { throw "git fetch failed (exit $LASTEXITCODE)" }
                # Precedence: Commit > Tag > Branch.  Commit and Tag check
                # out as detached HEAD intentionally -- they're meant to be
                # reproducible pins, not branches the user pulls into.
                if ($Commit) {
                    # Make sure we have the commit locally (a tag-less commit
                    # SHA isn't always reachable from any one branch fetch).
                    git -c windows.appendAtomically=false fetch origin $Commit
                    # A commit pin must never move an existing install
                    # BACKWARDS. hermes-setup.exe bakes its build-time commit
                    # into the binary (BUILD_PIN_COMMIT) and passes it as
                    # -Commit on every install-mode run -- including the retry
                    # the desktop's "Update didn't finish" screen kicks off. An
                    # installer built months ago would otherwise rewind a
                    # current checkout to its build commit, leaving ancient
                    # code against a current venv (npm workspaces and Python
                    # deps that no longer match: the #74xxx report). Skip the
                    # pin when the target is already an ancestor of HEAD; a
                    # fresh clone has no such ancestry and pins normally.
                    $skipRollback = $false
                    if (-not $ForceCommit) {
                        git -c windows.appendAtomically=false merge-base --is-ancestor $Commit HEAD 2>$null
                        $isAncestor = ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0)
                        $pinnedSha = (& git -c windows.appendAtomically=false rev-parse "$Commit^{commit}" 2>$null)
                        $headSha = (& git -c windows.appendAtomically=false rev-parse HEAD 2>$null)
                        $skipRollback = $isAncestor -and ($pinnedSha -ne $headSha)
                    }
                    if ($skipRollback) {
                        Write-Warn "Ignoring -Commit $Commit`: the checkout is already newer."
                        Write-Warn "Pinning to it would roll this install back. Pass -ForceCommit to override."
                    } else {
                        git -c windows.appendAtomically=false checkout --detach $Commit
                        if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { throw "git checkout $Commit failed (exit $LASTEXITCODE)" }
                    }
                } elseif ($Tag) {
                    git -c windows.appendAtomically=false fetch origin "refs/tags/${Tag}:refs/tags/${Tag}"
                    git -c windows.appendAtomically=false checkout --detach "refs/tags/$Tag"
                    if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { throw "git checkout tag $Tag failed (exit $LASTEXITCODE)" }
                } else {
                    git -c windows.appendAtomically=false checkout $Branch
                    if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { throw "git checkout $Branch failed (exit $LASTEXITCODE)" }
                    # Managed installs should follow origin/$Branch exactly. If
                    # the checkout has diverged (or has local-only commits),
                    # ff-only pull cannot succeed -- mirror ``hermes update`` and
                    # reset to the fetched remote so bootstrap/install can recover.
                    git -c windows.appendAtomically=false pull --ff-only origin $Branch
                    if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
                        Write-Warn "Fast-forward not possible; resetting managed install to origin/$Branch..."
                        git -c windows.appendAtomically=false reset --hard "origin/$Branch"
                        if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { throw "git reset --hard origin/$Branch failed (exit $LASTEXITCODE)" }
                    }
                }

                if ($autostashRef) {
                    # Default to restoring so work is never silently dropped.
                    # Only prompt when we're certain a human can answer: an
                    # interactive session AND a real, non-redirected console on
                    # both stdin and stdout. The desktop "Update" button and
                    # bootstrap run the installer without a usable console -- in
                    # those cases Read-Host would hang or return empty, so we
                    # skip the prompt and just restore (the safe default).
                    $restoreNow = $true
                    $hasConsole = $false
                    try {
                        $hasConsole = (
                            [Environment]::UserInteractive `
                            -and (-not [Console]::IsInputRedirected) `
                            -and (-not [Console]::IsOutputRedirected) `
                            -and ($Host.Name -eq "ConsoleHost")
                        )
                    } catch { $hasConsole = $false }
                    if ($hasConsole) {
                        Write-Warn "Local changes were stashed before updating."
                        Write-Warn "Restoring them may reapply local customizations onto the updated codebase."
                        $restoreAnswer = Read-Host "Restore local changes now? [Y/n]"
                        if ($restoreAnswer -match '^(n|no)$') { $restoreNow = $false }
                    }

                    if ($restoreNow) {
                        Write-Info "Restoring local changes..."
                        $restoreOutput = @(git -c windows.appendAtomically=false stash apply $autostashRef 2>&1)
                        $restoreExit = $LASTEXITCODE
                        $conflictedFiles = @(
                            git -c windows.appendAtomically=false diff --name-only --diff-filter=U 2>$null
                        ) | Where-Object { $_ -and $_.ToString().Trim() }
                        if (($restoreExit -eq 0) -and ($conflictedFiles.Count -eq 0)) {
                            git -c windows.appendAtomically=false stash drop $autostashRef 2>$null
                            Write-Warn "Local changes were restored on top of the updated codebase."
                            Write-Warn "Review git diff / git status if Hermes behaves unexpectedly."
                        } else {
                            Write-Err "Update pulled new code, but restoring local changes hit conflicts."
                            foreach ($line in $restoreOutput) {
                                if ($line -and $line.ToString().Trim()) {
                                    Write-Host $line
                                }
                            }
                            if ($conflictedFiles.Count -gt 0) {
                                Write-Host ""
                                Write-Host "Conflicted files:"
                                foreach ($file in $conflictedFiles) {
                                    Write-Host "  - $file"
                                }
                            }
                            Write-Host ""
                            Write-Info "Your stashed changes are preserved -- nothing is lost."
                            Write-Info "  Stash ref: $autostashRef"
                            git -c windows.appendAtomically=false reset --hard HEAD 2>$null | Out-Null
                            Write-Info "Working tree reset to clean state."
                            Write-Info "Restore your changes later with: git stash apply $autostashRef"
                        }
                    } else {
                        Write-Info "Skipped restoring local changes."
                        Write-Info "Your changes are still preserved in git stash."
                        Write-Info "Restore manually with: git stash apply $autostashRef"
                    }
                    $autostashRef = ""
                }
            } finally {
                if ($autostashRef) {
                    # We stashed but never reached the restore block (a fetch/
                    # checkout/pull failure threw). Leave the stash in place and
                    # tell the user how to recover it -- never silently drop it.
                    Write-Warn "Update did not complete. Your local changes are preserved in git stash."
                    Write-Info "Restore manually with: git stash apply $autostashRef"
                }
                $ErrorActionPreference = $prevEAP
                Pop-Location
            }
            $didUpdate = $true
        } else {
            # Directory exists but isn't a usable git repo -- e.g. an
            # interrupted clone with no initial commit (#40998), or a leftover
            # ``.git`` stub from a partial uninstall that used to lock the
            # installer into the "update" branch forever. Move it aside rather
            # than deleting it -- never destroy a directory the user might still
            # want -- and fall through to a fresh clone.
            $backupDir = "$InstallDir.broken-" + (Get-Date -Format "yyyyMMdd-HHmmss")
            Write-Warn "Existing directory at $InstallDir is not a valid git repo."
            Write-Warn "Moving it aside to $backupDir before re-cloning."
            try {
                Move-Item -LiteralPath $InstallDir -Destination $backupDir -ErrorAction Stop
            } catch {
                Write-Err "Could not move $InstallDir aside : $_"
                Write-Info "Close any programs that might be using files in $InstallDir (editors,"
                Write-Info "terminals, running hermes processes) and try again."
                throw
            }
        }
    }

    if (-not $didUpdate) {
        $cloneSuccess = $false

        # Fix Windows git "copy-fd: write returned: Invalid argument" error.
        # Git for Windows can fail on atomic file operations (hook templates,
        # config lock files) due to antivirus, OneDrive, or NTFS filter drivers.
        # The -c flag injects config before any file I/O occurs.
        Write-Info "Configuring git for Windows compatibility..."
        $env:GIT_CONFIG_COUNT = "1"
        $env:GIT_CONFIG_KEY_0 = "windows.appendAtomically"
        $env:GIT_CONFIG_VALUE_0 = "false"
        git config --global windows.appendAtomically false 2>$null

        # Try SSH first, then HTTPS, with -c flag for atomic write fix
        Write-Info "Trying SSH clone..."
        $env:GIT_SSH_COMMAND = "ssh -o BatchMode=yes -o ConnectTimeout=5"
        try {
            Invoke-NativeWithRelaxedErrorAction { git -c windows.appendAtomically=false clone --depth 1 --branch $Branch $RepoUrlSsh $InstallDir }
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { $cloneSuccess = $true }
        } catch { }
        $env:GIT_SSH_COMMAND = $null

        if (-not $cloneSuccess) {
            if (Test-Path $InstallDir) { Remove-Item -Recurse -Force $InstallDir -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue }
            Write-Info "SSH failed, trying HTTPS..."
            try {
                Invoke-NativeWithRelaxedErrorAction { git -c windows.appendAtomically=false clone --depth 1 --branch $Branch $RepoUrlHttps $InstallDir }
                if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { $cloneSuccess = $true }
            } catch { }
        }

        # Fallback: download ZIP archive (bypasses git file I/O issues entirely)
        if (-not $cloneSuccess) {
            if (Test-Path $InstallDir) { Remove-Item -Recurse -Force $InstallDir -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue }
            Write-Warn "Git clone failed -- downloading ZIP archive instead..."
            try {
                # Pick the ZIP URL for the most-specific ref the caller asked
                # for.  GitHub supports archive URLs for commits, tags, and
                # branches; we honour Commit > Tag > Branch.
                if ($Commit) {
                    $zipUrl = "https://github.com/NousResearch/hermes-agent/archive/$Commit.zip"
                    $zipLabel = $Commit
                } elseif ($Tag) {
                    $zipUrl = "https://github.com/NousResearch/hermes-agent/archive/refs/tags/$Tag.zip"
                    $zipLabel = $Tag
                } else {
                    $zipUrl = "https://github.com/NousResearch/hermes-agent/archive/refs/heads/$Branch.zip"
                    $zipLabel = $Branch
                }
                $zipPath = "$env:TEMP\hermes-agent-$zipLabel.zip"
                $extractPath = "$env:TEMP\hermes-agent-extract"

                Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $zipUrl -OutFile $zipPath -UseBasicParsing
                if (Test-Path $extractPath) { Remove-Item -Recurse -Force $extractPath }
                Expand-Archive -Path $zipPath -DestinationPath $extractPath -Force

                # GitHub ZIPs extract to repo-branch/ subdirectory
                $extractedDir = Get-ChildItem $extractPath -Directory | Select-Object -First 1
                if ($extractedDir) {
                    New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path (Split-Path $InstallDir) -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Out-Null
                    Move-Item $extractedDir.FullName $InstallDir -Force
                    Write-Success "Downloaded and extracted"

                    # Initialize git repo so updates work later. A bare
                    # `git init` leaves NO HEAD -- desktop's write-build-stamp
                    # then hard-fails with "could not determine git commit"
                    # (#50823 / #61657). Fetch the requested ref and force-check
                    # it out (-f) so untracked ZIP files cannot block checkout.
                    Push-Location $InstallDir
                    git -c windows.appendAtomically=false init 2>$null
                    git -c windows.appendAtomically=false config windows.appendAtomically false 2>$null
                    # Pin autocrlf=false BEFORE the checkout below. Git for Windows
                    # defaults to core.autocrlf=true, which would renormalize the
                    # repo's LF text files to CRLF in the working tree during
                    # `checkout -f FETCH_HEAD` -- leaving this freshly-created
                    # managed checkout dirty vs HEAD and aborting the next
                    # `hermes update` (see the notes at the shared clone-path
                    # config below and install.ps1:1461-1469). The later pin on
                    # the shared path is idempotent and still covers git clones.
                    git -c windows.appendAtomically=false config core.autocrlf false 2>$null
                    git remote add origin $RepoUrlHttps 2>$null
                    $fetchRef = if ($Commit) { $Commit } elseif ($Tag) { "refs/tags/$Tag" } else { $Branch }
                    Write-Info "Fetching $fetchRef so the ZIP checkout has a resolvable HEAD..."
                    $prevZipEAP = $ErrorActionPreference
                    $ErrorActionPreference = "Continue"
                    try {
                        git -c windows.appendAtomically=false fetch --depth 1 origin $fetchRef 2>&1 | Out-Null
                        if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) {
                            if ($Commit -or $Tag) {
                                git -c windows.appendAtomically=false checkout -f --detach FETCH_HEAD 2>&1 | Out-Null
                            } else {
                                git -c windows.appendAtomically=false checkout -f -B $Branch FETCH_HEAD 2>&1 | Out-Null
                            }
                            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) {
                                Write-Success "ZIP checkout pinned to $fetchRef"
                            } else {
                                # Checkout blocked, but FETCH_HEAD still has a SHA we can stamp with.
                                $fetchSha = & git -c windows.appendAtomically=false rev-parse FETCH_HEAD 2>$null
                                if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0 -and $fetchSha) {
                                    if (-not $env:GITHUB_SHA) { $env:GITHUB_SHA = ("$fetchSha").Trim() }
                                    Write-Warn "ZIP checkout failed; seeded GITHUB_SHA from FETCH_HEAD for desktop stamp"
                                } else {
                                    Write-Warn "ZIP extract succeeded but git checkout failed -- desktop build may need `$env:GITHUB_SHA"
                                }
                            }
                        } else {
                            Write-Warn "ZIP extract succeeded but git fetch of $fetchRef failed -- desktop build may need `$env:GITHUB_SHA"
                        }
                    } finally {
                        $ErrorActionPreference = $prevZipEAP
                    }
                    Pop-Location
                    Write-Success "Git repo initialized for future updates"

                    $cloneSuccess = $true
                }

                # Cleanup temp files
                Remove-Item -Force $zipPath -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
                Remove-Item -Recurse -Force $extractPath -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
            } catch {
                Write-Err "ZIP download also failed: $_"
            }
        }

        if (-not $cloneSuccess) {
            throw "Failed to download repository (tried git clone SSH, HTTPS, and ZIP)"
        }
    }

    # Set per-repo config (harmless if it fails)
    Push-Location $InstallDir
    git -c windows.appendAtomically=false config windows.appendAtomically false 2>$null
    # Pin autocrlf=false on the managed clone so git never renormalizes the
    # repo's LF text files to CRLF in the working tree. Without this, the very
    # next `hermes update` checkout aborts on a "dirty" tree the user never
    # touched (see the update path above).
    git -c windows.appendAtomically=false config core.autocrlf false 2>$null

    # Post-clone pin: when a clone (or ZIP-fallback init) just landed us on
    # $Branch's tip, honour the higher-precedence $Commit / $Tag by checking
    # the exact ref out as a detached HEAD.  Skipped for the in-place update
    # path (above) since that already routed via the same precedence.
    if (-not $didUpdate) {
        # Same EAP=Continue wrap as the update path -- git fetch's 'From <url>'
        # info line goes to stderr and would terminate the script under the
        # global EAP=Stop otherwise.  We check $LASTEXITCODE for real errors.
        $prevEAP = $ErrorActionPreference
        $ErrorActionPreference = "Continue"
        try {
            if ($Commit) {
                Write-Info "Pinning to commit $Commit..."
                git -c windows.appendAtomically=false fetch origin $Commit
                git -c windows.appendAtomically=false checkout --detach $Commit
                if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
                    throw "git checkout $Commit failed (exit $LASTEXITCODE)"
                }
            } elseif ($Tag) {
                Write-Info "Pinning to tag $Tag..."
                git -c windows.appendAtomically=false fetch origin "refs/tags/${Tag}:refs/tags/${Tag}"
                git -c windows.appendAtomically=false checkout --detach "refs/tags/$Tag"
                if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
                    throw "git checkout tag $Tag failed (exit $LASTEXITCODE)"
                }
            }
        } finally {
            $ErrorActionPreference = $prevEAP
        }
    }

    Write-Success "Repository ready"
}

function Install-Venv {
    if ($NoVenv) {
        Write-Info "Skipping virtual environment (-NoVenv)"
        return
    }

    # Re-resolve the interpreter before creating the venv.  Under Hermes-Setup.exe
    # each stage runs in its own powershell.exe, so the fallback the `python`
    # stage picked (e.g. 3.12 when 3.11 is absent) did NOT propagate into this
    # fresh process -- $PythonVersion is back at its "3.11" default.  Trusting it
    # here made `uv venv venv --python 3.11` fail with exit 2 on machines without
    # 3.11 even though the `python` stage reported success (issue #50769).
    $resolvedPython = Resolve-AvailablePythonVersion
    if (-not $resolvedPython) {
        throw "Hermes-managed Python is unavailable. Run install.ps1 -Stage python first."
    }

    Write-Info "Creating virtual environment with Python $($resolvedPython.Version)..."
    
    Push-Location $InstallDir

    # Tasks we disabled below and must re-enable no matter how this stage
    # exits. Populated only with tasks that were ENABLED before we touched
    # them, so a task the user deliberately disabled is never re-armed.
    $gatewayTasksDisabled = @()
    $venvHadExistingVenv = $false
    $venvBackupName = $null
    $venvParked = $false
    try {
    if (Test-Path -LiteralPath "venv") {
        $venvHadExistingVenv = $true
        Write-Info "Virtual environment already exists, recreating..."
        # On Windows, native Python extensions (e.g. _bcrypt.pyd, tornado's
        # speedups.pyd) are loaded as DLLs by any running hermes process.
        # Windows denies deletion of loaded DLLs, so every process running out
        # of this venv must be stopped before retiring it. This keeps cleanup
        # from accumulating locked stale trees and avoids carrying a live
        # gateway into the replacement venv.
        if ($env:OS -eq "Windows_NT") {
            $myPid = $PID
            Write-Info "Stopping any running hermes processes before recreating venv..."
            # Disarm the respawner FIRST: the gateway autostart Scheduled Task
            # relaunches a killed gateway within seconds, and losing that race
            # re-locks the venv's .pyd files between our kill sweep and
            # venv parking/cleanup (the July 2026 _brotlicffi.pyd incident). schtasks
            # /End stops a running task instance; /Change /DISABLE stops it
            # from re-firing mid-install. (The Startup-folder .vbs fallback is
            # NOT touched: it only fires at logon, so it cannot respawn a
            # gateway mid-install.) Re-enabled in the finally below -- including
            # on failure -- but only for tasks that were enabled to begin with.
            # Best-effort: a missing task just errors quietly.
            try {
                schtasks /Query /FO CSV 2>$null | ConvertFrom-Csv | Where-Object { $_.TaskName -like '*Hermes_Gateway*' } | ForEach-Object {
                    $tn = $_.TaskName
                    if ($_.Status -eq 'Disabled') {
                        Write-Info "  gateway autostart task $tn is already disabled; leaving it that way"
                        return
                    }
                    schtasks /End /TN $tn 2>$null | Out-Null
                    schtasks /Change /TN $tn /DISABLE 2>$null | Out-Null
                    $gatewayTasksDisabled += $tn
                    Write-Info "  disabled gateway autostart task $tn for the duration of the install"
                }
            } catch {
                Write-Warn "Could not enumerate gateway scheduled tasks: $($_.Exception.Message)"
            }
            # The launcher CLI (hermes.exe) plus its child tree.
            & taskkill /F /T /IM hermes.exe /FI "PID ne $myPid" 2>$null | Out-Null
            # taskkill /IM hermes.exe is NOT enough: the gateway/agent that a
            # scheduled task or watchdog autostarts runs as
            # `pythonw.exe -m hermes_cli.main gateway run` straight out of
            # venv\Scripts\, so its image name is python/pythonw, not hermes.exe.
            # That process holds the venv's .pyd files open and re-triggers the
            # access-denied failure. Select only roots whose executable lives
            # under this venv, then stop each root's whole process tree. Some
            # Hermes children re-exec through .hermes-runtime, so killing only
            # the selected venv process can leave its child holding the install
            # open. The path-prefix check still keeps unrelated Python processes
            # outside this venv untouched.
            #
            # The gateway autostart task registers with /RL LIMITED as the current
            # user (see hermes_cli/gateway_windows.py), so the installer always
            # runs at equal-or-higher integrity and can read its executable path.
            # Get-CimInstance is used over Get-Process because it returns a null
            # ExecutablePath for a process it cannot inspect (a different session)
            # instead of throwing, so an unreadable process is skipped rather than
            # aborting the whole sweep.
            #
            # The sweep is a bounded LOOP, not single-shot: supervised processes
            # (the Desktop app's backend, a watchdog-managed gateway) respawn in
            # the window between one kill pass and venv parking. Each pass re-
            # enumerates; three consecutive clean passes (or the attempt cap)
            # ends the loop.
            $venvPrefix = [System.IO.Path]::GetFullPath((Join-Path $InstallDir "venv")).TrimEnd('\') + '\'
            $cleanPasses = 0
            for ($sweep = 0; $sweep -lt 10 -and $cleanPasses -lt 3; $sweep++) {
                $found = 0
                try {
                    Get-CimInstance Win32_Process -ErrorAction Stop |
                        Where-Object { $_.ProcessId -ne $myPid -and $_.ExecutablePath -and $_.ExecutablePath.StartsWith($venvPrefix, [System.StringComparison]::OrdinalIgnoreCase) } |
                        ForEach-Object {
                            $found++
                            $treePid = [string]$_.ProcessId
                            Write-Info "  stopping process tree at PID $treePid ($($_.Name)) running from venv"
                            & taskkill /F /T /PID $treePid 2>$null | Out-Null
                        }
                } catch {
                    Write-Warn "Could not enumerate venv processes: $($_.Exception.Message)"
                    break
                }
                if ($found -eq 0) { $cleanPasses++ } else { $cleanPasses = 0 }
                Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 400
            }
        }
        # Move the old venv aside before creating its replacement. A directory
        # rename is atomic on the same volume and does not require deleting
        # files mapped as DLLs. NEVER fall back to deleting the live venv
        # (#83149): Remove-Item -Recurse can delete most of site-packages and
        # then fail on one locked .pyd, leaving a gutted venv with no usable
        # interpreter and no rollback source. Abort with the previous install
        # intact so the user can close holders and retry.
        $venvBackupName = "venv.stale.{0}-{1}" -f (Get-Date -Format "yyyyMMddHHmmss"), ([Guid]::NewGuid().ToString("N"))
        try {
            Rename-Item -LiteralPath "venv" -NewName $venvBackupName -ErrorAction Stop
            $venvParked = $true
        } catch {
            $renameErr = $_.Exception.Message
            throw (
                "Could not move the existing venv aside ($renameErr). " +
                "A process still has the install directory open (often a non-Hermes " +
                "python.exe that resolved into this venv via PATH). Close those " +
                "processes and retry - the previous install was left intact."
            )
        }
    }
    
    # Pass the already-validated private interpreter path and prohibit uv from
    # resolving or downloading a different Python during venv creation. Use
    # ProcessStartInfo because the desktop bootstrapper redirects this script;
    # Windows PowerShell 5.1 can otherwise lose nested native output/exit state.
    $venvProcess = New-Object System.Diagnostics.Process
    try {
        $venvStartInfo = New-Object System.Diagnostics.ProcessStartInfo
        $venvStartInfo.FileName = $UvCmd
        $venvStartInfo.Arguments = "venv venv --python `"$($resolvedPython.Path)`" --managed-python --no-python-downloads --no-config"
        $venvStartInfo.WorkingDirectory = $InstallDir
        $venvStartInfo.UseShellExecute = $false
        $venvStartInfo.CreateNoWindow = $true
        $venvStartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = $true
        $venvStartInfo.RedirectStandardError = $true
        $venvProcess.StartInfo = $venvStartInfo
        if (-not $venvProcess.Start()) {
            throw "Failed to start uv while creating the virtual environment"
        }
        $venvStdoutTask = $venvProcess.StandardOutput.ReadToEndAsync()
        $venvStderrTask = $venvProcess.StandardError.ReadToEndAsync()
        $venvProcess.WaitForExit()
        $venvStdout = $venvStdoutTask.Result
        $venvStderr = $venvStderrTask.Result
        $venvExitCode = $venvProcess.ExitCode
        if ($venvStdout) { Write-Host $venvStdout.TrimEnd() }
        if ($venvStderr) { Write-Host $venvStderr.TrimEnd() }
    } finally {
        $venvProcess.Dispose()
    }
    # Fail fast so the stage cannot report ok=true when uv failed.
    if ($venvExitCode -ne 0) {
        throw "Failed to create virtual environment (uv venv exited with $venvExitCode)"
    }

    # uv can return success without leaving the interpreter expected by the
    # installer (for example after an interrupted filesystem operation). Treat
    # that as a failed transaction so the previous venv can be restored.
    $venvPythonExe = Join-Path $InstallDir "venv\Scripts\python.exe"
    if (-not (Test-Path -LiteralPath $venvPythonExe -PathType Leaf)) {
        throw "uv reported success but venv interpreter is missing at $venvPythonExe"
    }

    # The replacement has a working interpreter, but the transaction is only
    # committed after Install-Dependencies' baseline-import gate passes -- the
    # bootstrap runs the stages as separate processes, and every dependency
    # tier (or the import validation) can still fail after this stage
    # succeeds. Record the parked backup so the dependency stage can restore
    # it on failure and commit its cleanup only after validation (#83149).
    if ($venvParked) {
        Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $InstallDir "venv.pending-backup") -Value $venvBackupName -Encoding ascii
        Write-Info "Previous venv parked at $venvBackupName until the dependency install is verified"
    }

    # Clean up parked venvs from previous installs whose handles have since
    # been released. Best-effort -- a still-held tree just stays for next time.
    # The backup parked THIS run is excluded: it is the rollback source until
    # Install-Dependencies commits the transaction.
    Get-ChildItem -Directory -Filter "venv.stale.*" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
        Where-Object { $_.Name -ne $venvBackupName } | ForEach-Object {
            Remove-Item -Recurse -Force $_.FullName -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
        }

    # Neutralize any inherited UV_PYTHON (e.g. $env:UV_PYTHON = "3.14" left in
    # the user's shell). uv honours UV_PYTHON over an existing venv for the
    # later `uv sync` / `uv pip install` tiers, so without this it would
    # silently delete this 3.11 venv and recreate it at the inherited version
    # -- building Rust transitives that have no wheel for that version from
    # source via maturin, which fails. Pinning UV_PYTHON to the interpreter we
    # just created forces every subsequent uv command onto it.
    $env:UV_PYTHON = $venvPythonExe
    } catch {
        $originalError = $_
        $rollbackError = $null

        if ($venvParked -and $venvBackupName -and (Test-Path -LiteralPath $venvBackupName)) {
            try {
                if (Test-Path -LiteralPath "venv") {
                    $failedVenvName = "venv.failed.{0}-{1}" -f (Get-Date -Format "yyyyMMddHHmmss"), ([Guid]::NewGuid().ToString("N"))
                    Rename-Item -LiteralPath "venv" -NewName $failedVenvName -ErrorAction Stop
                    Write-Warn "Failed replacement parked at $failedVenvName"
                }
                Rename-Item -LiteralPath $venvBackupName -NewName "venv" -ErrorAction Stop
                Write-Warn "Restored previous virtual environment after failed recreate"
            } catch {
                $rollbackError = $_.Exception.Message
            }

            if ($rollbackError) {
                throw "Virtual environment recreate failed: $($originalError.Exception.Message). Rollback failed: $rollbackError. Previous venv remains at $venvBackupName."
            }
        } elseif (-not $venvHadExistingVenv -and (Test-Path -LiteralPath "venv")) {
            # Preserve a partial first install too. This branch must not touch a
            # pre-existing venv whose move-aside failed above.
            try {
                $failedVenvName = "venv.failed.{0}-{1}" -f (Get-Date -Format "yyyyMMddHHmmss"), ([Guid]::NewGuid().ToString("N"))
                Rename-Item -LiteralPath "venv" -NewName $failedVenvName -ErrorAction Stop
                Write-Warn "Partial virtual environment parked at $failedVenvName"
            } catch {
                $rollbackError = $_.Exception.Message
            }
            if ($rollbackError) {
                throw "Virtual environment creation failed: $($originalError.Exception.Message). Could not park partial venv: $rollbackError"
            }
        }

        throw $originalError
    } finally {
        Pop-Location
        # Re-arm the gateway autostart tasks disabled during the venv teardown
        # -- in a finally so a failed teardown/creation can never strand the
        # user's gateway autostart in the disabled state. Same function scope,
        # so the list survives even under the stage-per-process bootstrap.
        # Deliberately NOT started here -- dependencies aren't installed yet;
        # the task fires normally on next logon and `hermes update` / the
        # gateway resume path handles the immediate restart.
        if ($gatewayTasksDisabled -and $gatewayTasksDisabled.Count -gt 0) {
            foreach ($tn in $gatewayTasksDisabled) {
                schtasks /Change /TN $tn /ENABLE 2>$null | Out-Null
            }
            Write-Info "Re-enabled gateway autostart task(s): $($gatewayTasksDisabled -join ', ')"
        }
    }

    Write-Success "Virtual environment ready (Python $($resolvedPython.Version))"
}

function Get-PendingVenvBackup {
    # Rollback source recorded by Install-Venv (#83149). Returns the parked
    # directory name, or $null when there is nothing to roll back to. A marker
    # pointing at a directory that no longer exists is stale -- drop it.
    $markerPath = Join-Path $InstallDir "venv.pending-backup"
    if (-not (Test-Path -LiteralPath $markerPath -PathType Leaf)) { return $null }
    $name = (Get-Content -LiteralPath $markerPath -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Select-Object -First 1)
    if ($name) { $name = $name.Trim() }
    if (-not $name -or -not (Test-Path -LiteralPath (Join-Path $InstallDir $name))) {
        Remove-Item -LiteralPath $markerPath -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
        return $null
    }
    return $name
}

function Complete-VenvTransaction {
    # Commit: dependency install + baseline imports passed, so the previous
    # venv is no longer needed as a rollback source. Best-effort delete; a
    # tree still held open just stays parked for the next install's sweep.
    $backupName = Get-PendingVenvBackup
    if (-not $backupName) { return }
    $backupPath = Join-Path $InstallDir $backupName
    Remove-Item -LiteralPath $backupPath -Recurse -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
    if (Test-Path -LiteralPath $backupPath) {
        Write-Warn "Old venv parked at $backupName (a process still holds files in it); it will be cleaned up on the next install"
    }
    Remove-Item -LiteralPath (Join-Path $InstallDir "venv.pending-backup") -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
}

function Restore-VenvBackup {
    # Rollback: the dependency stage failed after Install-Venv replaced the
    # venv. Park the unusable replacement and restore the previous working
    # venv so Hermes (and the venv-blocker probe) stay usable (#83149).
    $backupName = Get-PendingVenvBackup
    if (-not $backupName) { return }
    try {
        if (Test-Path -LiteralPath (Join-Path $InstallDir "venv")) {
            $failedVenvName = "venv.failed.{0}-{1}" -f (Get-Date -Format "yyyyMMddHHmmss"), ([Guid]::NewGuid().ToString("N"))
            Rename-Item -LiteralPath (Join-Path $InstallDir "venv") -NewName $failedVenvName -ErrorAction Stop
            Write-Warn "Failed replacement parked at $failedVenvName"
        }
        Rename-Item -LiteralPath (Join-Path $InstallDir $backupName) -NewName "venv" -ErrorAction Stop
        Remove-Item -LiteralPath (Join-Path $InstallDir "venv.pending-backup") -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
        Write-Warn "Restored previous virtual environment after failed dependency install"
    } catch {
        Write-Warn "Could not restore previous venv (still parked at $backupName): $($_.Exception.Message)"
    }
}

function Install-Dependencies {
    Write-Info "Installing dependencies..."
    
    Push-Location $InstallDir
    
    if (-not $NoVenv) {
        # Tell uv to install into our venv (no activation needed)
        $env:VIRTUAL_ENV = "$InstallDir\venv"
    }

    # Re-pin UV_PYTHON to the venv interpreter. Install-Venv already does this,
    # but the bootstrap runs install stages (venv, python-deps) as separate
    # processes, so the env var set in Install-Venv does NOT survive into a
    # separate python-deps invocation. Re-deriving it here covers that path.
    # Without it, an inherited $env:UV_PYTHON = "3.14" makes the uv sync/pip
    # tiers below recreate the venv at 3.14 and fail the maturin source build
    # (no cp314 wheels yet).
    if (-not $NoVenv) {
        $venvPythonExe = Join-Path $InstallDir "venv\Scripts\python.exe"
        if (Test-Path $venvPythonExe) {
            $env:UV_PYTHON = $venvPythonExe
        }
    }

    # Hash-verified install (Tier 0) -- when uv.lock is present, prefer
    # `uv sync --locked`. The lockfile records SHA256 hashes for every
    # transitive dependency, so a compromised transitive (different hash
    # than what we shipped) is REJECTED by the resolver. This is the
    # *only* path that protects against the "direct dep is fine, but the
    # dep's dep got worm-poisoned overnight" failure mode. The
    # `uv pip install` tiers below re-resolve transitives fresh from PyPI
    # without any hash verification -- they exist to keep installs working
    # when the lockfile is stale, missing, or out-of-sync with the
    # current extras spec, NOT because they're equivalent in posture.
    #
    # Everything through the baseline-import gate runs inside the venv
    # transaction opened by Install-Venv (#83149): on any failure the parked
    # previous venv is restored before the error propagates, and the parked
    # tree is deleted only after the imports prove the replacement usable.
    try {
    if (Test-Path "uv.lock") {
        Write-Info "Trying tier: hash-verified (uv.lock) ..."
        # Critical flag choice: `--extra all`, NOT `--all-extras`.
        #   --all-extras = every [project.optional-dependencies] key,
        #                  bypassing the curated [all] extra. On Windows
        #                  that means [matrix] -> python-olm (no wheel,
        #                  needs `make` to build from sdist) and the
        #                  install fails.
        #   --extra all  = just the [all] extra's contents (curated).
        #
        # UV_PROJECT_ENVIRONMENT pins the sync target to our venv\.
        # Without it, modern uv (>=0.5) ignores VIRTUAL_ENV for `sync`
        # and creates a sibling .venv\ inside the repo -- leaving venv\
        # empty and producing the broken state where `hermes.exe` exists
        # in the wrong directory and imports fail with ModuleNotFoundError.
        # (Mirrors the same flag in scripts/install.sh::install_deps.)
        $env:UV_PROJECT_ENVIRONMENT = "$InstallDir\venv"
        Invoke-NativeWithRelaxedErrorAction { & $UvCmd sync --extra all --locked }
        if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) {
            Write-Success "Main package installed (hash-verified via uv.lock)"
            $script:InstalledTier = "hash-verified (uv.lock)"
            # Skip the rest of the tiered cascade -- we already have a
            # complete, hash-verified install.
            $skipPipFallback = $true
        } else {
            Write-Warn "uv.lock sync failed (lockfile may be stale), falling back to PyPI resolve..."
            $skipPipFallback = $false
        }
    } else {
        Write-Info "uv.lock not found -- falling back to PyPI resolve (no hash verification)"
        $skipPipFallback = $false
    }

    # Install main package.  Tiered fallback so a single flaky transitive
    # doesn't silently drop everything.  Each tier's stdout/stderr is
    # preserved -- no Out-Null swallowing -- so the user can see what failed.
    #
    # Tier 1: [all] -- the curated extra in pyproject.toml.
    # Tier 2: [all] minus the currently-broken extras list ($brokenExtras).
    #         Edit $brokenExtras below when something on PyPI breaks; this
    #         lets users keep the rest of [all] when one transitive is
    #         unavailable. The list of [all]'s contents is parsed from
    #         pyproject.toml at runtime -- there is NO hand-mirrored copy
    #         to drift out of sync.
    # Tier 3: bare `.` -- last-resort so at least the core CLI launches.

    # Currently-broken extras. Edit this list when an upstream package
    # gets quarantined / yanked / breaks resolution. Empty means everything
    # in [all] should be installable; populate with the names of extras
    # whose deps are temporarily unavailable.
    $brokenExtras = @()

    # Parse [project.optional-dependencies].all from pyproject.toml.
    # tomllib is stdlib on Python 3.11+ which the bootstrap guarantees.
    $pythonExeForParse = if (-not $NoVenv) { "$InstallDir\venv\Scripts\python.exe" } else { (& $UvCmd python find $PythonVersion) }
    $allExtras = @()
    if (Test-Path $pythonExeForParse) {
        $parsed = & $pythonExeForParse -c @"
import re, sys, tomllib
try:
    with open('pyproject.toml', 'rb') as fh:
        data = tomllib.load(fh)
    specs = data['project']['optional-dependencies']['all']
    out = []
    for s in specs:
        m = re.search(r'hermes-agent\[([\w-]+)\]', s)
        if m: out.append(m.group(1))
    print(','.join(out))
except Exception:
    sys.exit(1)
"@ 2>$null
        if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0 -and $parsed) {
            $allExtras = $parsed.Trim().Split(',')
        }
    }
    if (-not $allExtras -or $allExtras.Count -eq 0) {
        Write-Warn "Could not parse [all] from pyproject.toml; Tier 2 will be a no-op."
        $safeAll = "all"
    } else {
        $safeAll = ($allExtras | Where-Object { $brokenExtras -notcontains $_ }) -join ","
    }
    $brokenLabel = if ($brokenExtras) { ($brokenExtras -join ", ") } else { "none" }

    $installTiers = @(
        @{ Name = "all"; Spec = ".[all]" },
        @{ Name = "all minus known-broken ($brokenLabel)"; Spec = ".[$safeAll]" },
        @{ Name = "core only (no extras)"; Spec = "." }
    )
    $installed = $skipPipFallback
    if (-not $skipPipFallback) {
        foreach ($tier in $installTiers) {
        Write-Info "Trying tier: $($tier.Name) ..."
        Invoke-NativeWithRelaxedErrorAction { & $UvCmd pip install -e $tier.Spec }
        if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) {
            Write-Success "Main package installed ($($tier.Name))"
            $script:InstalledTier = $tier.Name
            $installed = $true
            break
        }
        Write-Warn "Tier '$($tier.Name)' failed (exit $LASTEXITCODE). Trying next tier..."
        }
    }
    if (-not $installed) {
        throw "Failed to install hermes-agent package even with no extras. Inspect the uv pip install output above."
    }

    # Baseline-import gate. Even if a tier reported success above, the
    # actual deps may have landed somewhere other than $InstallDir\venv\
    # (e.g. uv 0.5+ syncing into a sibling .venv\ when UV_PROJECT_ENVIRONMENT
    # isn't set, leaving venv\ empty and hermes.exe broken with
    # `ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'dotenv'` on first run).
    # We probe via the venv's own python so a misdirected sync is caught
    # here, not 30 seconds later when the user runs `hermes`.
    if (-not $NoVenv) {
        $venvPython = "$InstallDir\venv\Scripts\python.exe"
        if (-not (Test-Path $venvPython)) {
            throw "Install reported success but $venvPython does not exist. The dependency sync likely landed in a sibling .venv\ directory. Re-run the installer; if it persists, close Hermes processes and preserve existing venv directories before retrying. Do not delete venv in place."
        }
        # Relax EAP=Stop while running the import probe.  Python writes
        # deprecation warnings and import-system info to stderr; under
        # EAP=Stop the 2>&1 merge wraps those as ErrorRecord objects and
        # throws even when the imports succeed.  $LASTEXITCODE is the
        # reliable signal (it's 0 iff the python invocation exited 0,
        # regardless of what was written to stderr).
        $prevEAP = $ErrorActionPreference
        $ErrorActionPreference = "Continue"
        & $venvPython -c "import dotenv, openai, rich, prompt_toolkit" 2>&1 | Out-Null
        $importExitCode = $LASTEXITCODE
        $ErrorActionPreference = $prevEAP
        if ($importExitCode -ne 0) {
            $sibling = "$InstallDir\.venv"
            $hint = if (Test-Path $sibling) {
                "Detected sibling .venv\ at $sibling -- uv synced there instead of venv\. Close Hermes processes, preserve the existing venv, and rerun the installer so the transactional recovery path can move directories safely."
            } else {
                "Recover with: cd '$InstallDir'; `$env:UV_PROJECT_ENVIRONMENT='$InstallDir\venv'; uv sync --extra all --locked"
            }
            throw "Baseline imports failed in $InstallDir\venv (dotenv/openai/rich/prompt_toolkit). The install completed but dependencies are not in the venv. $hint"
        }
        Write-Success "Baseline imports verified in venv"
    }

    # Commit the venv transaction: the dependency install completed and the
    # baseline imports passed, so the previous venv is no longer needed as a
    # rollback source (#83149).
    Complete-VenvTransaction
    } catch {
        # Dependency install or import validation failed: restore the previous
        # working venv (parked by Install-Venv) before surfacing the error, so
        # a failed update leaves Hermes and its blocker probe usable.
        Restore-VenvBackup
        Pop-Location
        throw
    }

    if (-not $NoVenv) {
        # uv on Windows can register hermes.exe in dist-info/RECORD but fail to
        # materialise the .exe (file lock during self-update, distlib edge case).
        # Catch it here so a fresh install/update does not finish with a broken
        # `hermes` command while hermes-agent.exe / hermes-acp.exe exist
        $scriptsDir = Join-Path $InstallDir "venv\Scripts"
        $pythonExe = Join-Path $scriptsDir "python.exe"
        if ((Test-Path $scriptsDir) -and (Test-Path $pythonExe)) {
            $scriptNames = & $pythonExe -c @"
import tomllib
with open('pyproject.toml', 'rb') as fh:
    scripts = tomllib.load(fh).get('project', {}).get('scripts', {}) or {}
print(','.join(scripts))
"@ 2>$null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0 -and $scriptNames) {
                $expected = @($scriptNames.Trim().Split(',') | Where-Object { $_ })
                $missing = @()
                foreach ($name in $expected) {
                    $exe = Join-Path $scriptsDir "$name.exe"
                    if (-not (Test-Path $exe)) { $missing += "$name.exe" }
                }
                if ($missing.Count -gt 0) {
                    Write-Warn "Console entry point(s) missing: $($missing -join ', ')"
                    Write-Info "Reinstalling entry points..."
                    $env:UV_PROJECT_ENVIRONMENT = "$InstallDir\venv"
                    Invoke-NativeWithRelaxedErrorAction { & $UvCmd pip install --reinstall -e . }
                    $stillMissing = @()
                    foreach ($name in $expected) {
                        $exe = Join-Path $scriptsDir "$name.exe"
                        if (-not (Test-Path $exe)) { $stillMissing += "$name.exe" }
                    }
                    if ($stillMissing.Count -gt 0) {
                        Write-Warn "Entry points still missing after repair: $($stillMissing -join ', ')"
                        Write-Info "Workaround: `"$pythonExe`" -m hermes_cli.main <command>"
                    } else {
                        Write-Success "Console entry points restored"
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    # Verify the dashboard deps specifically -- they're the most common thing
    # users hit and lazy-import errors from `hermes dashboard` are confusing.
    # If tier 1 failed (the common case), [web] was still picked up by tiers
    # 2-3; only tier 4 leaves you without it.
    $pythonExe = if (-not $NoVenv) { "$InstallDir\venv\Scripts\python.exe" } else { (& $UvCmd python find $PythonVersion) }
    if (Test-Path $pythonExe) {
        $webOk = $false
        $webServerSyntaxOk = $false
        # Relax EAP=Stop while running the import probe; see the matching
        # comment on the baseline-imports check above.  Python writes
        # deprecation warnings to stderr and we don't want those wrapped
        # as ErrorRecords that silently force the "not importable" path
        # even when fastapi/uvicorn are actually installed.
        $prevEAP = $ErrorActionPreference
        $ErrorActionPreference = "Continue"
        try {
            & $pythonExe -c "import fastapi, uvicorn" 2>&1 | Out-Null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { $webOk = $true }
        } catch { }
        try {
            & $pythonExe -m py_compile "$InstallDir\hermes_cli\web_server.py" 2>&1 | Out-Null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { $webServerSyntaxOk = $true }
        } catch { }
        $ErrorActionPreference = $prevEAP
        if (-not $webOk) {
            Write-Warn "fastapi/uvicorn not importable -- `hermes dashboard` will not work."
            Write-Info "Attempting targeted install of [web] extra as last resort..."
            & $UvCmd pip install -e ".[web]"
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) {
                Write-Success "[web] extra installed; `hermes dashboard` should now work."
            } else {
                Write-Warn "Could not install [web] extra. Run manually: uv pip install --python `"$pythonExe`" `"fastapi>=0.104,<1`" `"uvicorn[standard]>=0.24,<1`""
            }
        }
        if (-not $webServerSyntaxOk) {
            throw "dashboard backend source failed syntax check: hermes_cli/web_server.py"
        }
    }
    
    Pop-Location
    
    Write-Success "All dependencies installed"
}

function Install-HermesCommandLaunchers {
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)] [string]$Root,
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)] [string]$Destination
    )

    # Expose ONLY the hermes launchers on PATH -- never the whole
    # venv\Scripts directory, which contains python.exe / pip.exe and
    # silently hijacks the `python` command in every terminal (#83797).
    # Requiring hermes.exe before creating the destination keeps the PATH
    # stage from reporting success with an unusable command (PR #92092).
    $scriptsDir = Join-Path $Root "venv\Scripts"
    $requiredSource = Join-Path $scriptsDir "hermes.exe"
    if (-not (Test-Path -LiteralPath $requiredSource -PathType Leaf)) {
        throw "Cannot set up the hermes command: required launcher not found: $requiredSource"
    }

    New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path $Destination | Out-Null

    # Launcher form depends on the venv (keep in lockstep with
    # hermes_cli/_install_repair.py): a normal venv's exe trampoline
    # embeds an absolute interpreter path and survives copying; a
    # relocatable venv's trampoline (managed_uv rebuilds use
    # --relocatable) resolves relative to its own location, and a copy
    # dies with 'uv trampoline failed to canonicalize script path' --
    # those get a .cmd delegator invoking the in-venv exe instead.
    $pyvenvCfg = Join-Path $Root "venv\pyvenv.cfg"
    $venvRelocatable = $false
    if (Test-Path -LiteralPath $pyvenvCfg) {
        $venvRelocatable = [bool](Select-String -Path $pyvenvCfg -Pattern '^\s*relocatable\s*=\s*true\s*$' -Quiet)
    }
    foreach ($launcher in @("hermes", "hermes-acp")) {
        $src = Join-Path $scriptsDir "$launcher.exe"
        if (-not (Test-Path -LiteralPath $src -PathType Leaf)) { continue }
        if ($venvRelocatable) {
            Remove-Item (Join-Path $Destination "$launcher.exe") -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
            Set-Content -Path (Join-Path $Destination "$launcher.cmd") -Value "@echo off`r`n`"$src`" %*" -Encoding Ascii
        } else {
            Remove-Item (Join-Path $Destination "$launcher.cmd") -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
            Copy-Item -Force -LiteralPath $src -Destination (Join-Path $Destination "$launcher.exe")
        }
    }

    # Verify either staged form before the caller mutates PATH.
    $requiredExe = Join-Path $Destination "hermes.exe"
    $requiredCmd = Join-Path $Destination "hermes.cmd"
    if (-not ((Test-Path -LiteralPath $requiredExe -PathType Leaf) -or
              (Test-Path -LiteralPath $requiredCmd -PathType Leaf))) {
        throw "Cannot set up the hermes command: launcher was not installed: $requiredExe"
    }
    return $Destination
}

function Set-PathVariable {
    Write-Info "Setting up hermes command..."
    
    if ($NoVenv) {
        $hermesBin = "$InstallDir"
    } else {
        # $HermesHome\bin is the managed binary dir (shared with the managed
        # uv), OUTSIDE the git checkout: `hermes update`'s autostash
        # (git stash push --include-untracked) deletes untracked files from
        # the working tree, which silently removed the launchers an earlier
        # installer staged under hermes-agent\bin. No git operation can ever
        # touch this dir. Staging and verification live in
        # Install-HermesCommandLaunchers, which throws BEFORE any PATH
        # mutation when the launchers cannot be staged.
        $hermesBin = "$HermesHome\bin"
        Install-HermesCommandLaunchers -Root $InstallDir -Destination $hermesBin | Out-Null
    }
    
    $currentPath = [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("Path", "User")

    # Migrate older layouts off the user PATH:
    #   venv\Scripts     -- shadowed the user's python (#83797)
    #   hermes-agent\bin -- lived inside the git checkout, where the update
    #                       autostash could sweep the launchers off disk
    # The hermes-agent\bin FILES are left in place on purpose: editor/ACP
    # configs that captured absolute launcher paths keep working, and the
    # dir is git-ignored so it cannot dirty the checkout.
    if (-not $NoVenv) {
        $legacyEntries = @("$InstallDir\venv\Scripts", "$InstallDir\bin")
        $items = @(($currentPath -split ';') | Where-Object { $_ })
        $cleaned = @($items | Where-Object { $legacyEntries -notcontains $_ })
        if ($cleaned.Count -ne $items.Count) {
            $currentPath = $cleaned -join ";"
            [Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("Path", $currentPath, "User")
            Write-Info "Removed legacy launcher entries from user PATH (kept hermes via $hermesBin)"
        }
    }
    
    if ($currentPath -notlike "*$hermesBin*") {
        [Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable(
            "Path",
            "$hermesBin;$currentPath",
            "User"
        )
        Write-Success "Added to user PATH: $hermesBin"
    } else {
        Write-Info "PATH already configured"
    }
    
    # Set HERMES_HOME so the Python code finds config/data in the right place.
    # Only needed on Windows where we install to %LOCALAPPDATA%\hermes instead
    # of the Unix default ~/.hermes
    $currentHermesHome = [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("HERMES_HOME", "User")
    if (-not $currentHermesHome -or $currentHermesHome -ne $HermesHome) {
        [Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("HERMES_HOME", $HermesHome, "User")
        Write-Success "Set HERMES_HOME=$HermesHome"
    }
    $env:HERMES_HOME = $HermesHome
    
    # Update current session
    $env:Path = "$hermesBin;$env:Path"
    
    Write-Success "hermes command ready"
}

function Write-BootstrapMarker {
    # Writes $InstallDir\.hermes-bootstrap-complete which tells the Hermes
    # desktop app (apps/desktop/electron/main.ts) "install.ps1 ran
    # successfully -- DON'T trigger the legacy first-launch bootstrap
    # runner."
    #
    # Schema mirrors what main.ts's writeBootstrapMarker() / isBootstrap
    # Complete() expect. Keep this in lockstep when either side changes:
    #   apps/desktop/electron/main.ts lines 1199-1222
    #   BOOTSTRAP_MARKER_SCHEMA_VERSION = 1 (line 187)
    #
    # Pinned commit/branch come from -Commit + -Branch flags (passed by
    # Hermes-Setup.exe) or fall back to whatever git resolves in the
    # checkout. The desktop validates schemaVersion + pinnedCommit
    # length but doesn't enforce that HEAD matches the pin (users
    # update via `hermes update` which moves HEAD legitimately).
    if (-not (Test-Path $InstallDir)) {
        Write-Warn "Skipping bootstrap marker: $InstallDir doesn't exist"
        return
    }

    # Resolve the pinned commit: explicit -Commit wins, otherwise read
    # the checkout's HEAD via git. If git can't run, leave commit empty
    # and the marker will fail desktop validation (pinnedCommit.length
    # >= 7) -- better to be invalid than wrong.
    $pinnedCommit = $Commit
    if (-not $pinnedCommit) {
        # PS 5.1 doesn't support the ?. null-conditional operator, so
        # check Get-Command's result explicitly before reading .Source.
        $gitCmd = Get-Command git -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
        $gitExe = if ($gitCmd) { $gitCmd.Source } else { $null }
        if ($gitExe) {
            Push-Location $InstallDir
            try {
                $resolved = & $gitExe rev-parse HEAD 2>$null
                if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0 -and $resolved) {
                    $pinnedCommit = $resolved.Trim()
                }
            } catch {
                # Ignore -- pinnedCommit stays empty, marker stays invalid,
                # desktop falls through to its legacy bootstrap path.
            } finally {
                Pop-Location
            }
        }
    }

    $pinnedBranch = $Branch
    if (-not $pinnedBranch) {
        $pinnedBranch = "main"  # install.ps1's own default for -Branch
    }

    $markerPath = Join-Path $InstallDir ".hermes-bootstrap-complete"
    $marker = [ordered]@{
        schemaVersion = 1
        pinnedCommit  = $pinnedCommit
        pinnedBranch  = $pinnedBranch
        completedAt   = (Get-Date).ToUniversalTime().ToString("yyyy-MM-ddTHH:mm:ss.fffZ")
        # desktopVersion field intentionally omitted -- only the desktop
        # app knows its own version, and the marker validator doesn't
        # require it. The desktop fills it in if/when it writes its
        # own marker (e.g. after a future in-app upgrade).
    }
    $json = $marker | ConvertTo-Json -Compress:$false

    # Write WITHOUT a UTF-8 BOM. PowerShell 5.1's `Set-Content -Encoding UTF8`
    # always emits a BOM, and Node's plain JSON.parse rejects the BOM as an
    # unexpected character -- so a BOM'd marker would silently fail the
    # desktop's readJson(), make isBootstrapComplete() return null, and the
    # desktop would re-run the legacy bootstrap runner anyway. Defeats the
    # whole point. Use the .NET API directly for BOM-less UTF-8.
    $utf8NoBom = New-Object System.Text.UTF8Encoding $false
    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($markerPath, $json, $utf8NoBom)

    Write-Success "Bootstrap marker written: $markerPath"
}

function Copy-ConfigTemplates {
    Write-Info "Setting up configuration files..."
    
    # Create the HERMES_HOME directory structure ($HermesHome, default %LOCALAPPDATA%\hermes)
    New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path "$HermesHome\cron" | Out-Null
    New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path "$HermesHome\sessions" | Out-Null
    New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path "$HermesHome\logs" | Out-Null
    New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path "$HermesHome\pairing" | Out-Null
    New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path "$HermesHome\hooks" | Out-Null
    New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path "$HermesHome\image_cache" | Out-Null
    New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path "$HermesHome\audio_cache" | Out-Null
    New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path "$HermesHome\memories" | Out-Null
    New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path "$HermesHome\skills" | Out-Null

    
    # Create .env
    $envPath = "$HermesHome\.env"
    if (-not (Test-Path $envPath)) {
        $examplePath = "$InstallDir\.env.example"
        if (Test-Path $examplePath) {
            Copy-Item $examplePath $envPath
            Write-Success "Created $envPath from template"
        } else {
            New-Item -ItemType File -Force -Path $envPath | Out-Null
            Write-Success "Created $envPath"
        }
    } else {
        Write-Info "$envPath already exists, keeping it"
    }
    
    # Create config.yaml
    $configPath = "$HermesHome\config.yaml"
    if (-not (Test-Path $configPath)) {
        $examplePath = "$InstallDir\cli-config.yaml.example"
        if (Test-Path $examplePath) {
            Copy-Item $examplePath $configPath
            Write-Success "Created $configPath from template"
        }
    } else {
        Write-Info "$configPath already exists, keeping it"
    }
    
    # Create SOUL.md if it doesn't exist (global persona file).
    # IMPORTANT: write without a BOM.  Windows PowerShell 5.1's
    # ``Set-Content -Encoding UTF8`` writes UTF-8 WITH a byte-order-mark
    # (the default PS5 behaviour), and Hermes's prompt-injection scanner
    # flags the BOM as an invisible unicode character and refuses to
    # load the file.  PS7's ``-Encoding utf8NoBOM`` fixes that but we
    # don't control which PowerShell version the user has.  Go direct
    # to .NET with an explicit UTF8Encoding($false) -- BOM-free on every
    # PowerShell version.
    $soulPath = "$HermesHome\SOUL.md"
    if (-not (Test-Path $soulPath)) {
        # MUST match DEFAULT_SOUL_MD in hermes_cli/default_soul.py. The runtime
        # upgrades the old comment-only scaffold to this text on next run, so
        # drift is self-healing, but keep them in sync to avoid first-run churn.
        $soulContent = @"
You are Hermes Agent, built by Nous Research. Be direct: match the length of your reply to the weight of the ask -- a one-line question gets a one-line answer, and finished work gets a short report of what changed, what's verified, and what's left, never a replay of the process. No filler ("Great question," "I'd be happy to"), no restating the request back, no re-summarizing what you already said, no narrating tool calls the user can see. Plain claims over adjectives; when unsure, say so plainly. Agree because it's right, not because the user said it. Depth is earned -- give it when the user asks for detail, teaches, or the stakes demand it, not by default.
"@
        $utf8NoBom = New-Object System.Text.UTF8Encoding($false)
        [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($soulPath, $soulContent, $utf8NoBom)
        Write-Success "Created $soulPath (edit to customize personality)"
    }
    
    Write-Success "Configuration directory ready: $HermesHome"
    
    # Seed bundled skills into $HermesHome\skills (manifest-based, one-time per skill)
    Write-Info "Syncing bundled skills to $HermesHome\skills ..."
    $pythonExe = "$InstallDir\venv\Scripts\python.exe"
    if (Test-Path $pythonExe) {
        try {
            # Force the child python.exe to emit UTF-8 on its stdout/stderr.
            # On non-UTF-8 Windows locales (CP936/GBK zh-CN) Python defaults
            # its stream encoding to the active codepage and crashes on glyphs
            # like the checkmark (U+2713) that the codepage can't encode; the
            # resulting non-UTF-8 bytes break this script's JSON result frame on
            # stdout and abort the config-templates stage. Scope to this call
            # only. (Comment kept ASCII per this file's PS 5.1 contract above.)
            $prevPythonioencoding = $env:PYTHONIOENCODING
            $prevPythonutf8 = $env:PYTHONUTF8
            $env:PYTHONIOENCODING = "utf-8"
            $env:PYTHONUTF8 = "1"
            try {
                & $pythonExe "$InstallDir\tools\skills_sync.py" 2>$null
            } finally {
                $env:PYTHONIOENCODING = $prevPythonioencoding
                $env:PYTHONUTF8 = $prevPythonutf8
            }
            Write-Success "Skills synced to $HermesHome\skills"
        } catch {
            # Fallback: simple directory copy
            $bundledSkills = "$InstallDir\skills"
            $userSkills = "$HermesHome\skills"
            if ((Test-Path $bundledSkills) -and -not (Get-ChildItem $userSkills -Exclude '.bundled_manifest' -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {
                Copy-Item -Path "$bundledSkills\*" -Destination $userSkills -Recurse -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
                Write-Success "Skills copied to $HermesHome\skills"
            }
        }
    }
}

function Install-NodeDeps {
    if (-not $HasNode) {
        # Cross-process driver mode (Hermes-Setup.exe runs each -Stage NAME
        # in a fresh powershell.exe) means $script:HasNode set by Stage-Node
        # in the previous process isn't visible here. Re-probe rather than
        # trust the stale global -- Stage-Node already ran successfully or
        # the bootstrap would've aborted, so npm is reachable.
        if (-not (Get-Command npm -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {
            Write-Info "Skipping Node.js dependencies (Node not installed)"
            return
        }
    }

    # npm lifecycle scripts need node.exe on the PATH visible to child
    # cmd.exe processes.  Stage-Node may have run in a prior process, so
    # re-apply here before any npm install (regression #48130).
    Ensure-NodeExeOnPath | Out-Null

    # Resolve npm explicitly to npm.cmd, NOT npm.ps1.  Node.js on Windows
    # ships BOTH npm.cmd (a batch shim) and npm.ps1 (a PowerShell shim).
    # Get-Command's default ordering picks whichever comes first in PATHEXT,
    # and on many systems that's .ps1 -- but .ps1 requires scripts to be
    # enabled in PowerShell's execution policy, which most Windows users
    # don't have (the Restricted / RemoteSigned default blocks unsigned
    # .ps1 files).  .cmd has no such restriction and works on every box.
    #
    # Strategy: look next to the npm shim we found and prefer npm.cmd if
    # it exists in the same directory.  Fall back to whatever Get-Command
    # returned if we can't find a .cmd sibling.
    $npmCmd = Get-Command npm -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
    if (-not $npmCmd) {
        Write-Warn "npm not found on PATH -- skipping Node.js dependencies."
        Write-Info "Open a new PowerShell window and re-run 'hermes setup tools' later."
        return
    }
    $npmExe = $npmCmd.Source
    if ($npmExe -like "*.ps1") {
        $npmCmdSibling = Join-Path (Split-Path $npmExe -Parent) "npm.cmd"
        if (Test-Path $npmCmdSibling) {
            Write-Info "Using npm.cmd (PowerShell execution policy blocks npm.ps1)"
            $npmExe = $npmCmdSibling
        } else {
            Write-Warn "Only npm.ps1 available -- install may fail if script execution is disabled."
            Write-Info "  If it fails, either enable PS script execution or install Node via winget."
        }
    }

    # Wall-clock ceiling for each npm / Playwright invocation in this stage.
    # scripts/install.sh has time-boxed the same work with
    # ``run_with_timeout "$NODE_DEPS_TIMEOUT"`` (600s default) since #39219;
    # Windows never got the guard, so a stalled registry fetch or a wedged
    # Chromium extraction (#76222, #84614) froze the installer forever -- one
    # user left it running 12+ hours overnight.  Same env override as bash
    # for very slow links.
    $nodeDepsTimeoutSec = 600
    if ($env:NODE_DEPS_TIMEOUT -match '^\d+$') {
        $nodeDepsTimeoutSec = [int]$env:NODE_DEPS_TIMEOUT
    }

    # Helper: run a native command with a hard wall-clock timeout while
    # still streaming its output live.  Returns the exit code, or 124 on
    # timeout (the same convention as coreutils ``timeout`` and bash's
    # run_with_timeout).
    #
    # Launcher notes: ``Start-Process -FilePath npm.cmd`` fails with
    # ``%1 is not a valid Win32 application`` on some PowerShell versions
    # because Start-Process bypasses cmd.exe / PATHEXT and expects a real
    # PE file -- so route through cmd.exe, which IS a real PE, honours .cmd
    # batch shims, and performs the stdout+stderr merge into the log file
    # natively.  The parent then tails the log into the console each poll
    # tick, preserving the live progress that makes a 3-minute download
    # distinguishable from a hang (the whole reason _Run-NpmInstall streams
    # output in the first place).  ``Wait-Job -Timeout`` was rejected: jobs
    # swallow live output, and Stop-Job leaves the npm child running.
    # taskkill /T kills the real process tree.  Works on Windows PowerShell
    # 5.1 -- no pwsh-only primitives.
    function _Invoke-NativeWithTimeout(
        [string]$exePath, [string]$argLine, [string]$workDir,
        [string]$logPath, [int]$timeoutSec
    ) {
        $cmdLine = "/d /s /c "" ""$exePath"" $argLine > ""$logPath"" 2>&1 """
        $proc = Start-Process -FilePath $env:ComSpec -ArgumentList $cmdLine `
            -WorkingDirectory $workDir -NoNewWindow -PassThru
        $deadline = [DateTime]::UtcNow.AddSeconds($timeoutSec)
        $shown = 0
        function _Drain-NewLines([string]$path, [ref]$count) {
            $lines = @(Get-Content $path -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)
            if ($lines.Count -gt $count.Value) {
                $lines[$count.Value..($lines.Count - 1)] | ForEach-Object {
                    Write-Host "    $_" -ForegroundColor DarkGray
                }
                $count.Value = $lines.Count
            }
        }
        while (-not $proc.HasExited) {
            if ([DateTime]::UtcNow -gt $deadline) {
                & taskkill /T /F /PID $proc.Id 2>&1 | Out-Null
                return 124
            }
            Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 750
            _Drain-NewLines $logPath ([ref]$shown)
        }
        _Drain-NewLines $logPath ([ref]$shown)
        return $proc.ExitCode
    }

    # Helper: run "npm install" in a given directory and surface the real
    # error when it fails.  Returns $true on success.
    function _Run-NpmInstall([string]$label, [string]$installDir, [string]$logPath, [string]$npmPath) {
        Push-Location $installDir
        # Capture EAP outside the try block so the catch's restore call always
        # has a meaningful value (see Install-Uv for the full rationale).
        $prevEAP = $ErrorActionPreference
        try {
            # The helper streams npm's output to BOTH the console and the log
            # file, so the user watches real progress instead of a frozen
            # "Installing..." line (on a fresh VM the install is 1-3 minutes;
            # total silence is indistinguishable from a hang) -- and the
            # wall-clock ceiling turns a genuinely stalled install (#76222
            # class) into a diagnosable failure instead of an overnight freeze.
            #
            # Relax EAP around the invocation: with EAP=Stop (set at the top
            # of this script), PowerShell can wrap stray stderr from the
            # launcher plumbing as ErrorRecord objects and throw even though
            # npm exited 0.  This is the same issue Test-Python and Install-Uv
            # work around for uv's stderr-emitting installer.  Check success
            # via the returned exit code, which is reliable regardless of
            # stderr noise.
            $ErrorActionPreference = "Continue"
            $code = _Invoke-NativeWithTimeout $npmPath "install --silent" `
                $installDir $logPath $nodeDepsTimeoutSec
            $ErrorActionPreference = $prevEAP
            if ($code -eq 0) {
                Write-Success "$label dependencies installed"
                Remove-Item -Force $logPath -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
                return $true
            }
            if ($code -eq 124) {
                Write-Warn "$label npm install timed out after $([math]::Round($nodeDepsTimeoutSec / 60)) minutes -- a stalled download, wedged extraction, or file lock is the usual cause."
                Write-Info "  Re-run the installer to retry (completed stages are skipped)."
                Write-Info "  Slow connection? Raise the ceiling: set NODE_DEPS_TIMEOUT to seconds (default 600)."
            } else {
                Write-Warn "$label npm install failed -- exit code $code"
            }
            if (Test-Path $logPath) {
                $errText = (Get-Content $logPath -Raw -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)
                if ($errText) {
                    $snippet = if ($errText.Length -gt 1200) { $errText.Substring(0, 1200) + "..." } else { $errText }
                    Write-Info "  npm output:"
                    foreach ($line in $snippet -split "`n") {
                        Write-Host "    $line" -ForegroundColor DarkGray
                    }
                    Write-Info "  Full log: $logPath"
                    Show-NpmCertHint $errText | Out-Null
                    Write-NpmDebugLogTail -NpmOutput $errText
                }
            }
            Write-Info "Run manually later: cd `"$installDir`"; npm install"
            return $false
        } catch {
            if ($prevEAP) { $ErrorActionPreference = $prevEAP }
            Write-Warn "$label npm install could not be launched: $_"
            return $false
        } finally {
            Pop-Location
        }
    }

    # Browser tools
    if (Test-Path "$InstallDir\package.json") {
        Write-Info "Installing Node.js dependencies (browser tools)..."
        $browserLog = "$env:TEMP\hermes-npm-browser-$(Get-Random).log"
        $browserNpmOk = _Run-NpmInstall "Browser tools" $InstallDir $browserLog $npmExe

        # Install Playwright Chromium (mirrors scripts/install.sh behaviour for
        # Linux).  Without this, tools/browser_tool.py::check_browser_requirements
        # returns False (no Chromium under %LOCALAPPDATA%\ms-playwright), and the
        # browser_* tools are silently filtered out of the agent's tool schema.
        # System Chrome at "C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\..." is NOT used by
        # agent-browser -- it expects a Playwright-managed Chromium.
        if ($browserNpmOk) {
            Write-Info "Installing browser engine (Playwright Chromium)..."
            # npx lives next to npm in the same bin dir.  Prefer .cmd to dodge
            # the same execution-policy gotcha that affects npm.ps1 (see above).
            $npmDir = Split-Path $npmExe -Parent
            $npxExe = $null
            foreach ($cand in @("npx.cmd", "npx.exe", "npx")) {
                $try = Join-Path $npmDir $cand
                if (Test-Path $try) { $npxExe = $try; break }
            }
            if (-not $npxExe) {
                $npxCmd = Get-Command npx -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
                if ($npxCmd) { $npxExe = $npxCmd.Source }
            }
            if (-not $npxExe) {
                Write-Warn "npx not found -- cannot install Playwright Chromium."
                Write-Info "Run manually later: cd `"$InstallDir`"; npx playwright install chromium"
            } else {
                $pwLog = "$env:TEMP\hermes-playwright-install-$(Get-Random).log"
                Push-Location $InstallDir
                # Capture EAP outside the try block so the catch's restore call
                # always has a meaningful value (see Install-Uv for the full
                # rationale).
                $prevEAP = $ErrorActionPreference
                try {
                    # Playwright Chromium is ~170MB compressed and the
                    # download regularly takes 3-10 minutes on a fresh
                    # VM.  Tee the output to console + log so the user
                    # sees download progress in real time instead of
                    # staring at a silent prompt that looks hung.  See
                    # _Run-NpmInstall above for the same pattern and
                    # the rationale behind 2>&1 before the pipe.
                    Write-Info "(this can take several minutes -- streaming progress below)"
                    # --yes auto-accepts npx's "Need to install playwright@X.Y.Z"
                    # confirmation prompt.  Without it, npx 7+ blocks on stdin
                    # waiting for a y/N answer that never comes when this is
                    # invoked through a pipeline (Tee-Object disconnects stdin
                    # from the user's TTY), and the install hangs indefinitely
                    # after printing "Need to install the following packages:
                    # playwright@X.Y.Z".
                    #
                    # Relax EAP around the playwright invocation: playwright
                    # emits a "Chromium downloaded to ..." success banner to
                    # stderr after a successful install.  The launcher merges
                    # stderr into the log natively, but keep EAP relaxed so
                    # stray plumbing stderr can't fire the catch block with a
                    # mangled banner even though the install succeeded.  Check
                    # the returned exit code instead, which is the reliable
                    # signal.
                    #
                    # The wall-clock ceiling is the #76222 / #84614 fix: the
                    # Chromium download reaches 100% and the extraction wedges
                    # (or the registry fetch stalls), and without a bound the
                    # installer sits on this line forever.  bash has carried
                    # the same 600s guard via run_playwright_install since
                    # #39219.
                    $ErrorActionPreference = "Continue"
                    $pwCode = _Invoke-NativeWithTimeout $npxExe "--yes playwright install chromium" `
                        $InstallDir $pwLog $nodeDepsTimeoutSec
                    $ErrorActionPreference = $prevEAP
                    if ($pwCode -eq 0) {
                        Write-Success "Playwright Chromium installed (browser tools ready)"
                        Remove-Item -Force $pwLog -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
                    } elseif ($pwCode -eq 124) {
                        Write-Warn "Playwright Chromium install timed out after $([math]::Round($nodeDepsTimeoutSec / 60)) minutes."
                        Write-Warn "This usually means a stalled download or a wedged archive extraction (a locked previous browser version can also cause it)."
                        Write-Warn "Browser tools will not work until Chromium is installed."
                        if (Test-Path $pwLog) { Write-Info "  Partial log: $pwLog" }
                        Write-Info "Run manually later: cd `"$InstallDir`"; npx playwright install chromium"
                    } else {
                        Write-Warn "Playwright Chromium install failed -- exit code $pwCode"
                        Write-Warn "Browser tools will not work until Chromium is installed."
                        if (Test-Path $pwLog) {
                            $pwErr = Get-Content $pwLog -Raw -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
                            if ($pwErr) {
                                $snippet = if ($pwErr.Length -gt 1200) { $pwErr.Substring(0, 1200) + "..." } else { $pwErr }
                                Write-Info "  playwright output:"
                                foreach ($line in $snippet -split "`n") {
                                    Write-Host "    $line" -ForegroundColor DarkGray
                                }
                                Write-Info "  Full log: $pwLog"
                            }
                        }
                        Write-Info "Run manually later: cd `"$InstallDir`"; npx playwright install chromium"
                    }
                } catch {
                    if ($prevEAP) { $ErrorActionPreference = $prevEAP }
                    Write-Warn "Playwright Chromium install could not be launched: $_"
                    Write-Info "Run manually later: cd `"$InstallDir`"; npx playwright install chromium"
                } finally {
                    Pop-Location
                }
            }
        }
    }

    # TUI
    $tuiDir = "$InstallDir\ui-tui"
    if (Test-Path "$tuiDir\package.json") {
        Write-Info "Installing TUI dependencies..."
        $tuiLog = "$env:TEMP\hermes-npm-tui-$(Get-Random).log"
        [void](_Run-NpmInstall "TUI" $tuiDir $tuiLog $npmExe)
    }

    Install-BrowserUseCli
    Install-CuaDriver
}

# The Browser Use CLI is the default browser backend when it is runnable
# (tools/browser_use_cli.py). Provision it at install time so fresh installs
# don't silently fall back to the built-in browser tools. Best-effort: any
# failure is non-fatal (browser_exec can still run via uvx, and `hermes tools`
# can install it later).
function Install-BrowserUseCli {
    if (-not $script:UvCmd) { Resolve-UvCmd }
    if (-not $script:UvCmd) {
        Write-Info "Skipping Browser Use CLI install (uv unavailable)"
        return
    }
    $managedBin = Join-Path $HermesHome "bin"
    $managedBu = Join-Path $managedBin "browser-use.exe"
    # MANAGED-FIRST: only Hermes' managed copy short-circuits. A browser-use
    # on the user's PATH is a side install -- resolution prefers the managed
    # copy, so it must be provisioned regardless.
    if (Test-Path $managedBu) {
        Write-Success "Browser Use CLI already installed"
        return
    }

    Write-Info "Installing Browser Use CLI (default browser backend)..."
    $prevEAP = $ErrorActionPreference
    $ErrorActionPreference = "Continue"
    try {
        # UV_TOOL_BIN_DIR keeps the binary inside Hermes' managed bin dir,
        # where the browser tool resolves it -- no reliance on the user PATH.
        $env:UV_TOOL_BIN_DIR = $managedBin
        $env:UV_NO_CONFIG = "1"
        & $script:UvCmd tool install browser-use 2>&1 | Out-Null
        if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) {
            Write-Success "Browser Use CLI installed"
        } else {
            Write-Warn "Browser Use CLI install failed (exit $LASTEXITCODE) -- browser automation falls back to built-in tools."
            Write-Info "Install later with: uv tool install browser-use  (or via 'hermes tools')"
        }
    } catch {
        Write-Warn "Browser Use CLI install failed: $_"
    } finally {
        $ErrorActionPreference = $prevEAP
        Remove-Item Env:\UV_TOOL_BIN_DIR -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
        Remove-Item Env:\UV_NO_CONFIG -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
    }
}

function Test-CuaDriverRuntimeContract {
    param([Parameter(Mandatory = $true)][string]$DriverPath)

    try {
        $versionOutput = (& $DriverPath --version 2>$null | Out-String).Trim()
        if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
            return $false
        }
        $versionMatch = [regex]::Match($versionOutput, '(\d+\.\d+\.\d+)')
        if (-not $versionMatch.Success) {
            return $false
        }
        if ([version]($versionMatch.Groups[1].Value) -lt [version]'0.20.0') {
            return $false
        }

        $manifestOutput = (& $DriverPath manifest 2>$null | Out-String).Trim()
        if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0 -or -not $manifestOutput) {
            return $false
        }
        $manifest = $manifestOutput | ConvertFrom-Json
        if (-not $manifest.mcp_invocation.args) {
            return $false
        }

        $required = @{
            mcp = @('--socket', '--grant')
            serve = @(
                '--socket', '--permission-mode', '--capability-manifest',
                '--approve-capability-manifest', '--embedded'
            )
            stop = @('--socket')
        }
        foreach ($commandName in $required.Keys) {
            $command = $manifest.subcommands | Where-Object { $_.name -eq $commandName }
            if (-not $command) {
                return $false
            }
            $argNames = @($command.args | ForEach-Object { $_.name })
            foreach ($requiredArg in $required[$commandName]) {
                if ($requiredArg -notin $argNames) {
                    return $false
                }
            }
        }
        return $true
    } catch {
        return $false
    }
}

# cua-driver powers the computer_use toolset (background desktop control).
# Provision it at install time so enabling the tool later -- via `hermes
# tools`, the dashboard, or the desktop app -- is a config flip, not a
# surprise multi-minute binary fetch. Best-effort and non-fatal: the enable
# paths still lazy-install via install_cua_driver() (hermes_cli/tools_config)
# when this step was skipped or failed.
function Install-CuaDriver {
    if ($SkipComputerUse) {
        Write-Info "Skipping Computer Use (cua-driver) install (-SkipComputerUse)"
        return
    }
    $existingCuaDriver = Get-Command cua-driver -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
    if ($existingCuaDriver) {
        if (Test-CuaDriverRuntimeContract -DriverPath $existingCuaDriver.Source) {
            Write-Success "Computer Use driver (cua-driver) already installed and compatible"
            return
        }
        Write-Warn "Existing cua-driver is old or incomplete; repairing it"
    }

    Write-Info "Installing Computer Use driver (cua-driver)..."
    $prevEAP = $ErrorActionPreference
    $ErrorActionPreference = "Continue"
    try {
        # Same upstream installer `hermes computer-use install` runs. Bounded
        # via a background job: the upstream installer serializes with its own
        # lock (600s stale window), so the ceiling sits above that -- matching
        # Hermes' _CUA_INSTALLER_TIMEOUT (660s).
        $job = Start-Job -ScriptBlock {
            Invoke-RestMethod -UseBasicParsing "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/trycua/cua/main/libs/cua-driver/scripts/install.ps1" | Invoke-Expression
        }
        if (Wait-Job $job -Timeout 660) {
            Receive-Job $job -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Out-Null
            Remove-Job $job -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
            $installedCuaDriver = Get-Command cua-driver -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
            if ($installedCuaDriver -and (Test-CuaDriverRuntimeContract -DriverPath $installedCuaDriver.Source)) {
                Write-Success "Computer Use driver installed (enable via 'hermes tools' -> Computer Use)"
            } else {
                Write-Warn "Computer Use driver install did not produce a compatible runtime -- repair it before enabling the tool."
                Write-Info "Install later with: hermes computer-use install"
            }
        } else {
            Stop-Job $job -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
            Remove-Job $job -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
            Write-Warn "Computer Use driver install timed out -- it will install on demand when you enable the tool."
            Write-Info "Install later with: hermes computer-use install"
        }
    } catch {
        Write-Warn "Computer Use driver install failed: $_"
        Write-Info "Install later with: hermes computer-use install"
    } finally {
        $ErrorActionPreference = $prevEAP
    }
}

# Clear the cached Electron download + any half-written unpacked output so the
# next `npm run pack` re-downloads and re-stages from scratch. A corrupt zip in
# the per-user Electron download cache - most often a partial download resumed
# into the same file, leaving concatenated junk - makes electron-builder's
# `app-builder unpack-electron` extract a tree MISSING the electron binary, so
# the final `electron` -> `Hermes` rename dies with ENOENT and every re-run
# repeats the broken extraction forever.
#
# We deliberately do not validate the zip ourselves: the common
# prepended/concatenated-junk corruption slips past naive checks, so a
# self-rolled gate would skip the real-world case. We unconditionally drop the
# cached electron-*.zip (loose copy and any @electron/get hash-subdir copy) plus
# the stale unpacked dir, then let the caller retry once - @electron/get
# re-downloads with its own SHASUM verification, the real source of truth.
#
# Returns the removed paths. Best-effort: never throws.
function Clear-ElectronBuildCache {
    param([string]$DesktopDir)
    $removed = @()

    # Per-user Electron download cache dirs, honoring the overrides @electron/get
    # respects, then the Windows default (%LOCALAPPDATA%\electron\Cache).
    $cacheDirs = @()
    if ($env:electron_config_cache) { $cacheDirs += $env:electron_config_cache }
    if ($env:ELECTRON_CACHE)        { $cacheDirs += $env:ELECTRON_CACHE }
    if ($env:LOCALAPPDATA)          { $cacheDirs += (Join-Path $env:LOCALAPPDATA 'electron\Cache') }
    $cacheDirs += (Join-Path $HOME 'AppData\Local\electron\Cache')

    foreach ($dir in $cacheDirs) {
        if (-not (Test-Path -LiteralPath $dir)) { continue }
        # Recurse: the bad copy may be the top-level zip OR a copy inside an
        # @electron/get hash subdir.
        $removed += @(Get-ChildItem -LiteralPath $dir -Recurse -Filter 'electron-*.zip' -File -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | ForEach-Object {
            try { Remove-Item -LiteralPath $_.FullName -Force -ErrorAction Stop; $_.FullName } catch { }
        })
    }

    # A half-written unpacked dir from an interrupted prior pack poisons the
    # rename even after the zip is fixed (win-unpacked / win-arm64-unpacked).
    $releaseDir = Join-Path $DesktopDir 'release'
    if (Test-Path -LiteralPath $releaseDir) {
        $removed += @(Get-ChildItem -LiteralPath $releaseDir -Directory -Filter '*-unpacked' -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | ForEach-Object {
            try { Remove-Item -LiteralPath $_.FullName -Recurse -Force -ErrorAction Stop; $_.FullName } catch { }
        })
    }

    return $removed
}

# Last-resort Electron mirror after GitHub download fails (#47266).
$script:DesktopElectronFallbackMirror = "https://npmmirror.com/mirrors/electron/"

# Electron package dir -- workspace-local nest first, then root hoist.
function Get-ElectronDir {
    param([string]$InstallDir)
    $desktopLocal = Join-Path $InstallDir 'apps\desktop\node_modules\electron'
    if (Test-Path -LiteralPath $desktopLocal) { return $desktopLocal }
    return (Join-Path $InstallDir 'node_modules\electron')
}

# True when dist/ holds a usable Electron binary (#38673 / run-electron-builder.mjs).
function Test-ElectronDist {
    param([string]$InstallDir)
    $electronDir = Get-ElectronDir -InstallDir $InstallDir
    $distExe = Join-Path $electronDir 'dist\electron.exe'
    return (Test-Path -LiteralPath $distExe)
}

# Best-effort: run electron/install.js to populate dist/ (optional mirror).
function Restore-ElectronDist {
    param([string]$InstallDir, [string]$Mirror)
    if (Test-ElectronDist -InstallDir $InstallDir) { return $true }

    $electronDir = Get-ElectronDir -InstallDir $InstallDir
    $distExe = Join-Path $electronDir 'dist\electron.exe'
    $installer = Join-Path $electronDir 'install.js'
    if (-not (Test-Path -LiteralPath $installer)) { return $false }
    $node = Get-Command node -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
    if (-not $node) { return $false }

    $distDir = Join-Path $electronDir 'dist'
    if (Test-Path -LiteralPath $distDir) {
        Remove-Item -LiteralPath $distDir -Recurse -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
    }
    Remove-Item -LiteralPath (Join-Path $electronDir 'path.txt') -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue

    $prevMirror = $env:ELECTRON_MIRROR
    if ($Mirror) { $env:ELECTRON_MIRROR = $Mirror }
    try {
        # Out-Host so the downloader's progress shows on the console WITHOUT
        # leaking into this function's return value (PowerShell returns every
        # object left on the output stream, so a bare pipe here would make the
        # boolean below ambiguous).
        & $node.Source $installer 2>&1 | ForEach-Object { "$_" } | Out-Host
    } catch {
    } finally {
        $env:ELECTRON_MIRROR = $prevMirror
    }
    return (Test-Path -LiteralPath $distExe)
}

function Test-ElectronPkgStagedMissingDist {
    param([string]$InstallDir)
    $electronDir = Get-ElectronDir -InstallDir $InstallDir
    return (
        (Test-Path -LiteralPath (Join-Path $electronDir 'package.json')) -and
        (Test-Path -LiteralPath (Join-Path $electronDir 'install.js')) -and
        (-not (Test-ElectronDist -InstallDir $InstallDir))
    )
}

function Try-RestoreElectronDist {
    param([string]$InstallDir)
    if (Restore-ElectronDist -InstallDir $InstallDir) { return $true }
    if ($env:ELECTRON_MIRROR) { return $false }
    return Restore-ElectronDist -InstallDir $InstallDir -Mirror $script:DesktopElectronFallbackMirror
}

function Install-DesktopVoiceDeps {
    # Desktop ships with working voice out of the box: eagerly install the
    # wake-word + local-STT stacks ([wake] + [voice] extras) instead of
    # leaving them to lazy first-use install. Policy change (Teknium, July
    # 2026, #70509 testing): the first ear-click used to trigger a
    # multi-minute onnxruntime pip install that froze the UI and blew RPC
    # timeouts. Best-effort -- lazy install remains the fallback for anything
    # this step fails to fetch.
    if (-not $script:UvCmd) { Resolve-UvCmd }
    if (-not $script:UvCmd) {
        Write-Warn "uv unavailable -- voice/wake deps will lazy-install at first use instead"
        return
    }
    $env:VIRTUAL_ENV = "$InstallDir\venv"
    Write-Info "Installing voice + wake-word dependencies (onnxruntime, faster-whisper -- 1-3min)..."
    Push-Location $InstallDir
    try {
        Invoke-NativeWithRelaxedErrorAction { & $UvCmd pip install -e ".[wake,voice]" }
        if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) {
            Write-Success "Voice + wake-word dependencies installed"
        } else {
            Write-Warn "Voice/wake dependency install failed (exit $LASTEXITCODE) -- they will lazy-install at first use"
        }
    } finally {
        Pop-Location
    }
}

function Install-Desktop {
    # Build apps/desktop into a launchable Hermes.exe. Only called from
    # Stage-Desktop, which is itself only included in the manifest when
    # -IncludeDesktop was passed to install.ps1.
    #
    # The workspace npm install at repo root (done by Install-NodeDeps for
    # browser tools) does NOT pull apps/desktop's dependencies, because the
    # browser-tools workspace at $InstallDir\package.json is a separate
    # workspace from apps/*. We do a full root-level `npm install` here
    # so the workspace resolves apps/desktop's deps (including Electron
    # itself, ~150MB), then run `npm run pack` in apps/desktop which
    # produces the unpacked binary at apps/desktop/release/<os>-unpacked/.
    #
    # The Tauri bootstrap installer's launch_hermes_desktop command
    # resolves apps/desktop/release/win-unpacked/Hermes.exe directly,
    # so an "unpacked" build (electron-builder --dir) is enough -- we
    # don't need to produce an NSIS/MSI artifact here.

    # Always re-resolve Node here. Stages run in separate PowerShell processes,
    # so $script:HasNode from Stage-Node isn't visible; more importantly Test-Node
    # enforces the supported Node lines and prepends the Hermes-managed Node to
    # PATH, so the build never runs on an unsupported system Node -- the cause
    # of the opaque "Build desktop app ... exit code 1" failure (Vite crashes on
    # old Node).
    Test-Node | Out-Null
    if (-not (Get-Command npm -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {
        Write-Warn "Skipping desktop build (Node.js / npm not on PATH)"
        $script:_StageSkippedReason = "Node.js not available"
        return
    }

    $desktopDir = "$InstallDir\apps\desktop"
    if (-not (Test-Path "$desktopDir\package.json")) {
        Write-Warn "Skipping desktop build (apps/desktop not present in checkout)"
        $script:_StageSkippedReason = "apps/desktop not present"
        return
    }

    $npmCmd = Get-Command npm -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
    if (-not $npmCmd) {
        Write-Warn "Skipping desktop build (npm not on PATH)"
        $script:_StageSkippedReason = "npm not found"
        return
    }
    $npmExe = $npmCmd.Source
    if ($npmExe -like "*.ps1") {
        $sibling = Join-Path (Split-Path $npmExe -Parent) "npm.cmd"
        if (Test-Path $sibling) { $npmExe = $sibling }
    }

    # 1. Workspace-level install so apps/desktop's deps (Electron, Vite,
    # node-pty prebuilds, etc.) actually land in node_modules. This is
    # the SAME `npm install` Install-NodeDeps does for browser tools,
    # but at the root rather than the browser-tools workspace, so all
    # apps/* workspaces resolve.
    Write-Info "Installing desktop workspace dependencies (this includes Electron ~150MB, takes 1-3min)..."
    Push-Location $InstallDir
    $prevEAP = $ErrorActionPreference
    try {
        $ErrorActionPreference = "Continue"
        # Drop --silent so npm emits its full progress + error trail.
        # When this fails on a non-dev box (e.g. native-module build
        # without VS Build Tools, ETARGET on a transitive, etc.), the
        # actual reason needs to reach the Tauri installer's log; with
        # --silent it was completely suppressed and the user just saw
        # "exit 1" with no actionable detail.
        #
        # The streaming sink in bootstrap.rs's run_install_script
        # captures every stdout/stderr line as it's emitted, so we don't
        # need a side TEMP log file -- the installer's bootstrap log
        # IS the artifact a support engineer reads.
        #
        # Prefer `npm ci`: it wipes node_modules and reinstalls from the
        # lockfile, always producing a complete tree. Bare `npm install`
        # can report "up to date" against a stale
        # node_modules\.package-lock.json marker while node_modules is
        # actually empty (Windows workspace-hoisting flake), leaving
        # tsc/typescript unresolved so `npm run pack`'s `tsc -b` dies with
        # no obvious cause. Fall back to `npm install` only if `npm ci`
        # fails (lockfile out of sync / very old npm without ci).
        #
        # Tee the merged output into $npmOut while still emitting every line
        # live. We don't need a side log file (the bootstrap streaming sink
        # is the artifact), but on failure we scan $npmOut for the TLS-trust
        # signature so corporate-proxy users get the NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS hint
        # instead of an opaque "exit 1" (issue #38016).
        & $npmExe ci 2>&1 | ForEach-Object { "$_" } | Tee-Object -Variable npmOut
        $code = $LASTEXITCODE
        if ($code -ne 0) {
            Write-Info "  npm ci failed (exit $code) -- retrying with npm install..."
            & $npmExe install 2>&1 | ForEach-Object { "$_" } | Tee-Object -Variable npmOut
            $code = $LASTEXITCODE
        }
        $ErrorActionPreference = $prevEAP
        if ($code -ne 0) {
            if (Test-ElectronPkgStagedMissingDist -InstallDir $InstallDir) {
                Write-Warn "Desktop dependency install failed with a missing Electron dist; attempting self-heal..."
                Try-RestoreElectronDist -InstallDir $InstallDir | Out-Null
            } else {
                Show-NpmCertHint ($npmOut -join "`n") | Out-Null
                # Replay npm's own debug log into our stream: the terse
                # summary above rarely contains the postinstall stderr
                # (e.g. Electron's install.js) that explains the failure.
                Write-NpmDebugLogTail -NpmOutput ($npmOut -join "`n")
                throw "desktop workspace npm install failed (exit $code) -- see lines above for cause"
            }
        } else {
            Write-Success "Desktop workspace dependencies installed"
        }
    } catch {
        if ($prevEAP) { $ErrorActionPreference = $prevEAP }
        Pop-Location
        throw
    }
    Pop-Location

    # 2. Build apps/desktop. `npm run pack` runs:
    #      assert-root-install + write-build-stamp + stage-native-deps +
    #      tsc -b + vite build + electron-builder --dir
    # The --dir mode produces an unpacked Hermes.exe in
    # apps/desktop/release/win-unpacked/ without bundling NSIS/MSI;
    # we don't need a distributable installer artifact, just a
    # launchable binary the Tauri installer can spawn.
    #
    # CSC_IDENTITY_AUTO_DISCOVERY=false tells electron-builder we are
    # NOT signing the output. Combined with signAndEditExecutable=false in
    # apps/desktop/package.json's build.win block, electron-builder never
    # invokes signtool and therefore never fetches/extracts winCodeSign
    # (whose macOS symlinks crash 7-Zip on non-admin Windows -- a dead end we
    # are NOT trying to work around). The Hermes icon + product name are
    # stamped onto Hermes.exe by our own rcedit step (Set-DesktopExeIdentity)
    # AFTER this build, completely decoupled from electron-builder signing.
    #
    # WIN_CSC_LINK and WIN_CSC_KEY_PASSWORD explicitly cleared as
    # belt-and-suspenders: if the user's environment has them set
    # for some other tool, electron-builder would still try to sign.
    Write-Info "Building desktop app (this takes 1-3 minutes)..."
    $buildLog = "$env:TEMP\hermes-desktop-build-$(Get-Random).log"
    # Seed GITHUB_SHA for write-build-stamp.mjs. The stamp prefers CI env vars
    # over `git rev-parse`, so this covers: (1) node can't find git.exe on PATH
    # even though this PowerShell session can, (2) ZIP/init trees that still
    # lack a HEAD after a failed post-extract fetch. Without it the desktop
    # pack dies with "could not determine git commit" (#50823).
    if (-not $env:GITHUB_SHA) {
        if ($Commit) {
            $env:GITHUB_SHA = $Commit
        } else {
            Push-Location $InstallDir
            try {
                $global:LASTEXITCODE = 0
                $resolvedSha = & git -c windows.appendAtomically=false rev-parse HEAD 2>$null
                if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0 -or -not $resolvedSha) {
                    # ZIP path may have FETCH_HEAD after a fetch even when HEAD is unset.
                    $global:LASTEXITCODE = 0
                    $resolvedSha = & git -c windows.appendAtomically=false rev-parse FETCH_HEAD 2>$null
                }
                if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0 -and $resolvedSha) {
                    $env:GITHUB_SHA = ("$resolvedSha").Trim()
                }
            } catch { } finally {
                Pop-Location
            }
        }
    }
    if (-not $env:GITHUB_REF_NAME) {
        $env:GITHUB_REF_NAME = if ($Branch) { $Branch } else { "main" }
    }
    if ($env:GITHUB_SHA) {
        $shaPreview = if ($env:GITHUB_SHA.Length -ge 12) { $env:GITHUB_SHA.Substring(0, 12) } else { $env:GITHUB_SHA }
        Write-Info "Desktop build stamp: $shaPreview ($($env:GITHUB_REF_NAME))"
    } else {
        Write-Warn "Could not resolve a git commit for the desktop stamp -- write-build-stamp will use its non-git fallback"
    }
    Push-Location $desktopDir
    $prevEAP = $ErrorActionPreference
    $prevCSCAuto = $env:CSC_IDENTITY_AUTO_DISCOVERY
    $prevWinCscLink = $env:WIN_CSC_LINK
    $prevWinCscKeyPassword = $env:WIN_CSC_KEY_PASSWORD
    try {
        $ErrorActionPreference = "Continue"
        $env:CSC_IDENTITY_AUTO_DISCOVERY = "false"
        $env:WIN_CSC_LINK = ""
        $env:WIN_CSC_KEY_PASSWORD = ""
        & $npmExe run pack 2>&1 | ForEach-Object { "$_" } | Tee-Object -FilePath $buildLog
        $code = $LASTEXITCODE
        if ($code -ne 0) {
            $purged = @()
            $restored = $false
            if (-not (Test-ElectronDist -InstallDir $InstallDir)) {
                $purged = @(Clear-ElectronBuildCache -DesktopDir $desktopDir)
                $restored = Restore-ElectronDist -InstallDir $InstallDir
            }
            if ($restored) {
                Write-Warn "Desktop build failed - refreshed the Electron download, retrying once:"
                foreach ($p in $purged) { Write-Info "  - $p" }
                & $npmExe run pack 2>&1 | ForEach-Object { "$_" } | Tee-Object -FilePath $buildLog
                $code = $LASTEXITCODE
            }
        }
        if ($code -ne 0 -and -not $env:ELECTRON_MIRROR) {
            $mirror = $script:DesktopElectronFallbackMirror
            Write-Warn "Desktop build still failing - the Electron download from GitHub looks blocked."
            Write-Warn "Re-downloading Electron via a public mirror ($mirror), then rebuilding:"
            Write-Info "  (set ELECTRON_MIRROR yourself to use a different/trusted mirror)"
            if (-not (Test-ElectronDist -InstallDir $InstallDir)) {
                Restore-ElectronDist -InstallDir $InstallDir -Mirror $mirror | Out-Null
            }
            $prevMirror = $env:ELECTRON_MIRROR
            $env:ELECTRON_MIRROR = $mirror
            try {
                & $npmExe run pack 2>&1 | ForEach-Object { "$_" } | Tee-Object -FilePath $buildLog
                $code = $LASTEXITCODE
            } finally {
                $env:ELECTRON_MIRROR = $prevMirror
            }
        }
        $ErrorActionPreference = $prevEAP
        if ($code -ne 0) {
            $errText = Get-Content $buildLog -Raw -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
            if ($errText) {
                $snippet = if ($errText.Length -gt 1800) { $errText.Substring(0, 1800) + "..." } else { $errText }
                Write-Info "  desktop build output:"
                foreach ($line in $snippet -split "`n") { Write-Host "    $line" -ForegroundColor DarkGray }
                Write-Info "  Full log: $buildLog"
            }
            # `npm run pack` failures (lifecycle script exits) also land in
            # npm's debug log; replay it so the bootstrap log carries the
            # full evidence even when $buildLog's tail cuts off the cause.
            Write-NpmDebugLogTail -NpmOutput $errText
            throw "apps/desktop build failed (exit $code)"
        }
        Write-Success "Desktop app built"
        Remove-Item -LiteralPath $buildLog -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
    } catch {
        if ($prevEAP) { $ErrorActionPreference = $prevEAP }
        Pop-Location
        throw
    } finally {
        # Restore env to whatever the caller had -- don't leak our
        # signing-off override into anything install.ps1 invokes later
        # (Stage-PlatformSdks, etc.).
        $env:CSC_IDENTITY_AUTO_DISCOVERY = $prevCSCAuto
        $env:WIN_CSC_LINK = $prevWinCscLink
        $env:WIN_CSC_KEY_PASSWORD = $prevWinCscKeyPassword
    }
    Pop-Location

    # 3. Sanity-check the produced binary. Probe both arches so this works
    # on x64 and arm64 build machines.
    $exeCandidates = @(
        "$desktopDir\release\win-unpacked\Hermes.exe",
        "$desktopDir\release\win-arm64-unpacked\Hermes.exe"
    )
    $found = $false
    $desktopExe = $null
    foreach ($cand in $exeCandidates) {
        if (Test-Path $cand) {
            Write-Success "Desktop ready: $cand"
            $desktopExe = $cand
            $found = $true
            break
        }
    }
    if (-not $found) {
        throw "Desktop build completed but no Hermes.exe was found under $desktopDir\release\*-unpacked\"
    }

    # 3b. The Hermes icon + identity are stamped onto Hermes.exe by the
    #     electron-builder `afterPack` hook (apps/desktop/scripts/after-pack.mjs)
    #     during `npm run pack` above -- for every build, so the installer's
    #     --update rebuild stays branded too. No separate stamp step needed here.
    #     electron-builder's own rcedit step stays disabled (signAndEditExecutable
    #     =false) because enabling it drags in signtool -> winCodeSign -> the
    #     unfixable symlink crash; the afterPack hook runs rcedit directly.

    # 3c. Grant ALL APPLICATION PACKAGES (S-1-15-2-2) RX on the unpacked app
    #     directory. Chromium's GPU/renderer sandboxes CHECK-fail with
    #     0x80000003 when this ACE is missing alongside orphan AppContainer
    #     SIDs under %LOCALAPPDATA% (electron/electron#51761, hermes-agent#38216).
    #     Best-effort -- never fail an otherwise-good install over ACL repair.
    try {
        $appDir = Split-Path -Parent $desktopExe
        & icacls $appDir /grant "*S-1-15-2-2:(OI)(CI)(RX)" /T /C /Q | Out-Null
        if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) {
            Write-Success "Granted AppContainer read access on $appDir"
        } else {
            Write-Warn "icacls AppContainer grant returned exit $LASTEXITCODE for $appDir"
        }
    } catch {
        Write-Warn "Could not grant AppContainer ACL: $($_.Exception.Message)"
    }

    # 4. Create Start Menu + Desktop shortcuts pointing DIRECTLY at the packed
    #    Hermes.exe. We deliberately do NOT point them at `hermes desktop`: that
    #    command rebuilds (npm install + electron-builder) on every launch,
    #    which would cost minutes each time. The packed exe is the consumer --
    #    launching it directly is instant, and updates flow through the
    #    installer's --update path (which rebuilds once, then relaunches).
    New-DesktopShortcuts -TargetExe $desktopExe
}

function New-DesktopShortcuts {
    param([Parameter(Mandatory = $true)][string]$TargetExe)

    # Best-effort: a shortcut failure must never fail an otherwise-good install.
    try {
        $shell = New-Object -ComObject WScript.Shell
        $workDir = Split-Path -Parent $TargetExe

        # Prefer the standalone icon.ico (shipped beside the exe via
        # electron-builder extraResources -> resources/icon.ico) over the exe's
        # embedded resource. An explicit .ico path is more stable across update
        # cycles: pointing at "$TargetExe,0" makes Windows cache the icon it
        # extracted from the exe at shortcut-creation time, and that cached
        # bitmap can persist (showing the OLD/Electron icon) even after the exe
        # is re-stamped on update. A dedicated .ico sidesteps that extraction.
        $iconIco = Join-Path $workDir 'resources\icon.ico'
        if (Test-Path $iconIco) {
            $iconLocation = "$iconIco,0"
        } else {
            $iconLocation = "$TargetExe,0"
        }

        $targets = @(
            (Join-Path ([Environment]::GetFolderPath('Programs')) 'Hermes.lnk'),
            (Join-Path ([Environment]::GetFolderPath('Desktop')) 'Hermes.lnk')
        )

        foreach ($lnkPath in $targets) {
            try {
                $parent = Split-Path -Parent $lnkPath
                if (-not (Test-Path $parent)) {
                    New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path $parent | Out-Null
                }
                $sc = $shell.CreateShortcut($lnkPath)
                $sc.TargetPath = $TargetExe
                $sc.WorkingDirectory = $workDir
                $sc.IconLocation = $iconLocation
                $sc.Description = 'Hermes Agent'
                $sc.Save()
                Write-Success "Shortcut created: $lnkPath"
            } catch {
                Write-Warn "Could not create shortcut $lnkPath : $($_.Exception.Message)"
            }
        }

        # Bust the Windows shell icon cache so the desktop/Start-Menu shortcut
        # repaints with the (possibly newly-stamped) icon instead of a stale
        # cached bitmap. Critical on the --update path: the exe was re-stamped
        # with the Hermes icon, but without this the shortcut can keep drawing
        # the old Electron icon until the user manually refreshes / reboots.
        # Best-effort and silent -- never fail the install over a cosmetic cache.
        try {
            & ie4uinit.exe -show 2>$null
        } catch {
            # ie4uinit may be absent/renamed on some SKUs -- ignore.
        }
    } catch {
        Write-Warn "Skipping shortcut creation: $($_.Exception.Message)"
    }
}

function Install-PlatformSdks {
    # Ensure messaging-platform SDKs matching tokens the user added to
    # ~/.hermes/.env are importable.  Two problems this solves:
    #
    # 1. The tiered `uv pip install` cascade above can fall through to a
    #    lower tier when the first fails (common when RL git deps choke),
    #    which silently skips some messaging SDKs from [messaging].
    # 2. `uv` creates the venv without pip.  If a messaging SDK ends up
    #    missing, the user can't `pip install python-telegram-bot` to
    #    recover -- pip simply isn't in their venv.
    #
    # Strategy: bootstrap pip via `python -m ensurepip` (idempotent), then
    # for each token set in .env, verify the matching SDK imports.  If not,
    # run one targeted `pip install` as last-chance recovery.  Keeps fresh
    # Windows installs from hitting silent "python-telegram-bot not installed"
    # at runtime.
    if ($NoVenv) {
        Write-Info "Skipping platform-SDK verification (-NoVenv: no venv to bootstrap)"
        return
    }

    $pythonExe = "$InstallDir\venv\Scripts\python.exe"
    if (-not (Test-Path $pythonExe)) {
        Write-Warn "Skipping platform-SDK verification: $pythonExe not found"
        return
    }

    $envPath = "$HermesHome\.env"
    if (-not (Test-Path $envPath)) { return }
    $envLines = Get-Content $envPath -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue

    # Map: env var set in .env -> (import name, pip spec matching [messaging] extra).
    # Specs mirror pyproject.toml to avoid version drift.
    $sdkMap = @(
        @{ Var = "TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN"; Import = "telegram";  Spec = "python-telegram-bot[webhooks]>=22.6,<23" },
        @{ Var = "DISCORD_BOT_TOKEN";  Import = "discord";   Spec = "discord.py[voice]>=2.7.1,<3" },
        @{ Var = "SLACK_BOT_TOKEN";    Import = "slack_sdk"; Spec = "slack-sdk>=3.27.0,<4" },
        @{ Var = "SLACK_APP_TOKEN";    Import = "slack_bolt";Spec = "slack-bolt>=1.18.0,<2" },
        @{ Var = "WHATSAPP_ENABLED";   Import = "qrcode";    Spec = "qrcode>=7.0,<8" }
    )

    # Which tokens are actually set (not placeholder)?
    $needed = @()
    foreach ($sdk in $sdkMap) {
        $match = $envLines | Where-Object {
            $_ -match ("^" + [regex]::Escape($sdk.Var) + "=.+") `
            -and $_ -notmatch "your-token-here" `
            -and $_ -notmatch "^\s*#"
        }
        if ($match) { $needed += $sdk }
    }
    if ($needed.Count -eq 0) { return }

    Write-Host ""
    Write-Info "Verifying platform SDKs for tokens found in $envPath ..."

    # Verify each SDK's import without triggering side-effect imports.
    # Quirk: PowerShell wraps non-zero-exit native stderr as a
    # NativeCommandError that prints even with `2>$null` / `*> $null`
    # unless we set $ErrorActionPreference to SilentlyContinue for the
    # span.  Save + restore rather than nuking globally.
    $prevEAP = $ErrorActionPreference
    $ErrorActionPreference = "SilentlyContinue"
    try {
        $missing = @()
        foreach ($sdk in $needed) {
            & $pythonExe -c "import $($sdk.Import)" 2>&1 | Out-Null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
                $missing += $sdk
                Write-Warn "  $($sdk.Import) NOT importable (needed for $($sdk.Var))"
            } else {
                Write-Success "  $($sdk.Import) OK"
            }
        }
    } finally {
        $ErrorActionPreference = $prevEAP
    }
    if ($missing.Count -eq 0) { return }

    # Bootstrap pip into the venv if it isn't there.  `uv` creates venvs
    # without pip; ensurepip is the stdlib-blessed way to add it.
    $prevEAP = $ErrorActionPreference
    $ErrorActionPreference = "SilentlyContinue"
    try {
        & $pythonExe -m pip --version 2>&1 | Out-Null
        if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
            Write-Info "Bootstrapping pip into venv (uv doesn't ship pip)..."
            & $pythonExe -m ensurepip --upgrade 2>&1 | Out-Null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
                Write-Warn "ensurepip failed -- can't auto-install missing SDKs."
                Write-Info "Manual recovery: $UvCmd pip install `"$($missing[0].Spec)`""
                return
            }
        }

        foreach ($sdk in $missing) {
            Write-Info "  Installing $($sdk.Spec) ..."
            & $pythonExe -m pip install $sdk.Spec 2>&1 | ForEach-Object { Write-Host "    $_" }
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) {
                Write-Success "  Installed $($sdk.Import)"
            } else {
                Write-Warn "  Failed to install $($sdk.Spec). Recover manually: $pythonExe -m pip install `"$($sdk.Spec)`""
            }
        }
    } finally {
        $ErrorActionPreference = $prevEAP
    }
}

function Invoke-SetupWizard {
    if ($SkipSetup) {
        Write-Info "Skipping setup wizard (-SkipSetup)"
        return
    }

    if ($NonInteractive) {
        # The setup wizard prompts for API keys, model choice, persona, etc.
        # Non-interactive callers (GUI installer) own that UX themselves; let
        # them drive it after install.ps1 returns.
        Write-Info "Skipping setup wizard (non-interactive). Configure via the GUI or 'hermes setup'."
        return
    }

    Write-Host ""
    Write-Info "Starting setup wizard..."
    Write-Host ""

    Push-Location $InstallDir

    # Run hermes setup using the venv Python directly (no activation needed)
    if (-not $NoVenv) {
        & ".\venv\Scripts\python.exe" -m hermes_cli.main setup
    } else {
        python -m hermes_cli.main setup
    }

    Pop-Location
}

function Start-GatewayIfConfigured {
    $envPath = "$HermesHome\.env"
    if (-not (Test-Path $envPath)) { return }

    $hasMessaging = $false
    $content = Get-Content $envPath -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
    foreach ($var in @("TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN", "DISCORD_BOT_TOKEN", "SLACK_BOT_TOKEN", "SLACK_APP_TOKEN", "WHATSAPP_ENABLED")) {
        $match = $content | Where-Object { $_ -match "^${var}=.+" -and $_ -notmatch "your-token-here" }
        if ($match) { $hasMessaging = $true; break }
    }

    if (-not $hasMessaging) { return }

    $hermesCmd = "$InstallDir\venv\Scripts\hermes.exe"
    if (-not (Test-Path $hermesCmd)) {
        $hermesCmd = "hermes"
    }

    # If WhatsApp is enabled but not yet paired, run foreground for QR scan
    $whatsappEnabled = $content | Where-Object { $_ -match "^WHATSAPP_ENABLED=true" }
    $whatsappSession = "$HermesHome\whatsapp\session\creds.json"
    if ($whatsappEnabled -and -not (Test-Path $whatsappSession)) {
        Write-Host ""
        Write-Info "WhatsApp is enabled but not yet paired."
        Write-Info "Running 'hermes whatsapp' to pair via QR code..."
        Write-Host ""
        # Non-interactive callers (GUI installer, CI) skip the QR-pair prompt;
        # WhatsApp pairing requires a human looking at a phone camera, so the
        # downstream UI is responsible for surfacing this when it makes sense.
        if (-not $NonInteractive) {
            $response = Read-Host "Pair WhatsApp now? [Y/n]"
            if ($response -eq "" -or $response -match "^[Yy]") {
                try {
                    & $hermesCmd whatsapp
                } catch {
                    # Expected after pairing completes
                }
            }
        } else {
            Write-Info "Skipping WhatsApp pairing prompt (non-interactive)."
        }
    }

    Write-Host ""
    Write-Info "Messaging platform token detected!"
    Write-Info "The gateway handles messaging platforms and cron job execution."
    Write-Host ""

    # In non-interactive mode the gateway lifecycle is the caller's problem
    # (the GUI manages its own gateway process, CI doesn't want background
    # services on the build agent, etc.).  Treat it like the user declined.
    if ($NonInteractive) {
        Write-Info "Skipping gateway autostart prompt (non-interactive)."
        Write-Info "Start the gateway later with: hermes gateway"
        return
    }

    $response = Read-Host "Would you like to start the gateway now? [Y/n]"

    if ($response -eq "" -or $response -match "^[Yy]") {
        Write-Info "Starting gateway in background..."
        try {
            $logFile = "$HermesHome\logs\gateway.log"
            Start-Process -FilePath $hermesCmd -ArgumentList "gateway" `
                -RedirectStandardOutput $logFile `
                -RedirectStandardError "$HermesHome\logs\gateway-error.log" `
                -WindowStyle Hidden
            Write-Success "Gateway started! Your bot is now online."
            Write-Info "Logs: $logFile"
            Write-Info "To stop: close the gateway process from Task Manager"
        } catch {
            Write-Warn "Failed to start gateway. Run manually: hermes gateway"
        }
    } else {
        Write-Info "Skipped. Start the gateway later with: hermes gateway"
    }
}

function Write-Completion {
    Write-Host ""
    Write-Host "+---------------------------------------------------------+" -ForegroundColor Green
    Write-Host "|              [OK] Installation Complete!                |" -ForegroundColor Green
    Write-Host "+---------------------------------------------------------+" -ForegroundColor Green
    Write-Host ""
    
    # Show file locations
    Write-Host "* Your files:" -ForegroundColor Cyan
    Write-Host ""
    Write-Host "   Config:    " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Yellow
    Write-Host "$HermesHome\config.yaml"
    Write-Host "   API Keys:  " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Yellow
    Write-Host "$HermesHome\.env"
    Write-Host "   Data:      " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Yellow
    Write-Host "$HermesHome\cron\, sessions\, logs\"
    Write-Host "   Code:      " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Yellow
    Write-Host "$HermesHome\hermes-agent\"
    Write-Host ""
    
    Write-Host "---------------------------------------------------------" -ForegroundColor Cyan
    Write-Host ""
    Write-Host "* Commands:" -ForegroundColor Cyan
    Write-Host ""
    Write-Host "   hermes              " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Green
    Write-Host "Start chatting"
    Write-Host "   hermes setup        " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Green
    Write-Host "Configure API keys & settings"
    Write-Host "   hermes config       " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Green
    Write-Host "View/edit configuration"
    Write-Host "   hermes config edit  " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Green
    Write-Host "Open config in editor"
    Write-Host "   hermes gateway      " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Green
    Write-Host "Start messaging gateway (Telegram, Discord, etc.)"
    Write-Host "   hermes update       " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Green
    Write-Host "Update to latest version"
    Write-Host ""
    
    Write-Host "---------------------------------------------------------" -ForegroundColor Cyan
    Write-Host ""
    Write-Host "[*] Restart your terminal for PATH changes to take effect" -ForegroundColor Yellow
    Write-Host ""
    
    if (-not $HasNode) {
        Write-Host "Note: Node.js could not be installed automatically." -ForegroundColor Yellow
        Write-Host "Browser tools need Node.js. Install manually:" -ForegroundColor Yellow
        Write-Host "  https://nodejs.org/en/download/" -ForegroundColor Yellow
        Write-Host ""
    }
    
    if (-not $HasRipgrep) {
        Write-Host "Note: ripgrep (rg) was not installed. For faster file search:" -ForegroundColor Yellow
        Write-Host "  winget install BurntSushi.ripgrep.MSVC" -ForegroundColor Yellow
        Write-Host ""
    }
}

# ============================================================================
# Stage protocol
# ============================================================================
#
# install.ps1 supports a small, stable "stage protocol" that lets programmatic
# callers (the desktop GUI's onboarding wizard, CI, future install.sh, etc.)
# drive the install one step at a time and surface progress/errors with their
# own UI.  CLI users running the canonical `irm | iex` one-liner never
# encounter this -- default invocation behaves exactly as before.
#
# Entry points:
#
#   install.ps1                       Interactive install (today's behavior).
#   install.ps1 -ProtocolVersion      Emit the protocol version integer.
#   install.ps1 -Manifest             Emit the stage manifest as JSON.
#   install.ps1 -Stage <name>         Run one stage and emit its result.
#   install.ps1 -NonInteractive       Disable all Read-Host prompts (also
#                                     skips the setup wizard and the gateway
#                                     autostart prompt).  Can be combined
#                                     with default invocation to do a full
#                                     non-interactive install.
#   install.ps1 -Json                 Emit machine-readable JSON instead of
#                                     the human-readable success banner at
#                                     the end of a full install.
#
# Manifest schema (the JSON returned by -Manifest):
#
#   {
#     "protocol_version": 1,
#     "stages": [
#       {
#         "name": "uv",
#         "title": "Installing uv package manager",
#         "category": "prereqs",
#         "needs_user_input": false
#       },
#       ...
#     ]
#   }
#
# Stage result (the JSON written by -Stage <name>):
#
#   {
#     "stage": "uv",
#     "ok": true,
#     "skipped": false,
#     "reason": null,
#     "duration_ms": 1234
#   }
#
# Exit codes:
#
#   0 -- success (stage ran, or stage was deliberately skipped).
#   1 -- generic failure; the stage threw.
#   2 -- unknown stage name passed to -Stage.
#
# Adding a stage:
#
#   1. Append an entry to $InstallStages below.
#   2. Make sure the worker function it points at is idempotent and respects
#      $NonInteractive when it has prompts.  Add it before "configure"
#      (the wizard) or "gateway" (autostart) if it should run unconditionally;
#      after those if it's optional post-install glue.
#   3. Do NOT bump $InstallStageProtocolVersion -- adding stages is additive.
#      Drivers iterate the manifest dynamically.
#
# ============================================================================

# Stage definitions -- the single source of truth.  Each entry maps a stable
# stage name (the API contract drivers depend on) to the worker function that
# implements it.  ``Title`` is what UIs show; ``Category`` lets UIs group
# stages; ``NeedsUserInput`` tells UIs "this stage prompts -- either skip it
# or arrange to provide answers another way."
$InstallStages = @(
    @{ Name = "uv";               Title = "Installing uv package manager";        Category = "prereqs";      NeedsUserInput = $false; Worker = "Stage-Uv" }
    @{ Name = "git";              Title = "Installing Git";                       Category = "prereqs";      NeedsUserInput = $false; Worker = "Stage-Git" }
    @{ Name = "node";             Title = "Detecting Node.js";                    Category = "prereqs";      NeedsUserInput = $false; Worker = "Stage-Node" }
    @{ Name = "system-packages";  Title = "Installing ripgrep and ffmpeg";        Category = "prereqs";      NeedsUserInput = $false; Worker = "Stage-SystemPackages" }
    @{ Name = "repository";       Title = "Cloning Hermes repository";            Category = "install";      NeedsUserInput = $false; Worker = "Stage-Repository" }
    # Managed Python lives under $InstallDir\.hermes-runtime, so the checkout
    # must exist before this stage creates that directory. Otherwise the later
    # repository stage treats the runtime-only directory as a broken checkout,
    # parks it, and leaves Stage-Venv with no managed interpreter.
    @{ Name = "python";           Title = "Verifying Python $PythonVersion";      Category = "prereqs";      NeedsUserInput = $false; Worker = "Stage-Python" }
    @{ Name = "venv";             Title = "Creating Python virtual environment";  Category = "install";      NeedsUserInput = $false; Worker = "Stage-Venv" }
    @{ Name = "dependencies";     Title = "Installing Python dependencies";       Category = "install";      NeedsUserInput = $false; Worker = "Stage-Dependencies" }
    @{ Name = "node-deps";        Title = "Installing Node.js dependencies";      Category = "install";      NeedsUserInput = $false; Worker = "Stage-NodeDeps" }
)
if ($IncludeDesktop) {
    # Insert AFTER node-deps so workspace npm is already installed when
    # the desktop build runs. Inserted only when explicitly requested
    # (Hermes-Setup.exe), never via the irm|iex CLI one-liner.
    $InstallStages += @{ Name = "desktop"; Title = "Building desktop app"; Category = "install"; NeedsUserInput = $false; Worker = "Stage-Desktop" }
}
$InstallStages += @(
    @{ Name = "path";             Title = "Adding Hermes to PATH";                Category = "finalize";     NeedsUserInput = $false; Worker = "Stage-Path" }
    @{ Name = "config-templates"; Title = "Writing configuration templates";      Category = "finalize";     NeedsUserInput = $false; Worker = "Stage-ConfigTemplates" }
    @{ Name = "platform-sdks";    Title = "Installing messaging platform SDKs";   Category = "finalize";     NeedsUserInput = $false; Worker = "Stage-PlatformSdks" }
    @{ Name = "bootstrap-marker"; Title = "Marking install complete";              Category = "finalize";     NeedsUserInput = $false; Worker = "Stage-BootstrapMarker" }
    # Interactive stages.  In non-interactive mode these become no-ops; the
    # caller (GUI / CI) handles the equivalent UX themselves.
    @{ Name = "configure";        Title = "Configuring API keys and models";      Category = "post-install"; NeedsUserInput = $true;  Worker = "Stage-Configure" }
    @{ Name = "gateway";          Title = "Starting messaging gateway";           Category = "post-install"; NeedsUserInput = $true;  Worker = "Stage-Gateway" }
)

# Stage workers -- thin wrappers that delegate to the existing Install-* /
# Test-* / Invoke-* functions while preserving their error semantics.  Kept
# as a separate layer so the existing functions remain callable directly
# (helpful for one-off recovery: ``. install.ps1; Install-Venv``).
#
# Stages that depend on uv (anything after Stage-Uv) call Resolve-UvCmd
# first so they work in cross-process driver mode where $script:UvCmd
# set by Stage-Uv in a sibling powershell process is not visible here.
# Resolve-UvCmd is a fast no-op when $script:UvCmd is already populated
# (the default-invocation case where Main runs everything in one
# process), and throws cleanly if uv truly isn't installed yet.
function Stage-Uv               { if (-not (Install-Uv))     { throw "uv installation failed" } }
function Stage-Python           { Resolve-UvCmd; if (-not (Test-Python))    { throw "Python $PythonVersion not available" } }
function Stage-Git              {
    if (-not (Install-Git)) {
        if ($script:GitInstallFailureReason) { throw $script:GitInstallFailureReason }
        throw "Git not available and auto-install failed -- install from https://git-scm.com/download/win then re-run"
    }
}
# Node is optional (browser tools degrade gracefully without it).  Surface
# failure to the JSON contract as skipped=true / reason rather than ok=true,
# so a GUI driver consuming the manifest can distinguish "node ready" from
# "node missing".  Install flow continues either way -- matches the
# existing Write-Completion behavior that prints a "Note: Node.js could
# not be installed" hint instead of aborting.
function Stage-Node             {
    if (-not (Test-Node)) {
        $script:_StageSkippedReason = "Node.js not available; browser tools will be unavailable until node is installed manually from https://nodejs.org/en/download/"
    }
}
function Stage-SystemPackages   { Install-SystemPackages }
function Stage-Repository       { Install-Repository }
function Stage-Venv             { Resolve-UvCmd; Install-Venv }
function Stage-Dependencies     { Resolve-UvCmd; Install-Dependencies }
function Stage-NodeDeps         { Install-NodeDeps }
function Stage-Desktop          { Install-DesktopVoiceDeps; Install-Desktop }
function Stage-Path             { Set-PathVariable }
function Stage-ConfigTemplates  { Copy-ConfigTemplates }
function Stage-PlatformSdks     { Resolve-UvCmd; Install-PlatformSdks }
function Stage-BootstrapMarker  { Write-BootstrapMarker }
function Stage-Configure        { Invoke-SetupWizard }
function Stage-Gateway          { Start-GatewayIfConfigured }

function Get-InstallStage {
    param([string]$Name)
    foreach ($s in $InstallStages) {
        if ($s.Name -eq $Name) { return $s }
    }
    return $null
}

function Step-OutOfInstallDir {
    # Windows refuses to delete a directory any shell is currently cd'd
    # inside -- and silently leaves orphan files behind, which then wedge
    # "is this a valid git repo" probes on re-install.  Harmless when the
    # caller ran the installer from somewhere else.
    try {
        $currentResolved = (Get-Location).ProviderPath
        $installResolved = $null
        if (Test-Path $InstallDir) {
            $installResolved = (Resolve-Path $InstallDir -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue).ProviderPath
        }
        if ($installResolved -and $currentResolved.ToLower().StartsWith($installResolved.ToLower())) {
            Write-Info "Stepping out of $InstallDir so Windows can replace files there if needed..."
            Set-Location $env:USERPROFILE
        }
    } catch {}
}

function Invoke-Stage {
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)] [hashtable]$StageDef
    )

    # Refresh PATH from registry so this stage sees binaries installed by
    # prior stages, even when each stage runs in its own powershell process.
    # No-op in cost-relevant cases (default invocation path syncs once per
    # foreach pass; cross-process drivers get the necessary freshening).
    Sync-EnvPath

    # Per-stage soft-skip channel.  A worker can populate
    # $script:_StageSkippedReason to surface "ran, but the thing it was
    # supposed to set up is not available" as skipped=true in the JSON
    # frame, without throwing.  Used by Stage-Node so the install flow
    # doesn't abort when an optional capability is missing while still
    # being honest in the protocol contract.  Reset before each stage so
    # a prior stage's reason can never leak into a later stage's frame.
    $script:_StageSkippedReason = $null

    $start = [DateTime]::UtcNow
    $result = @{
        stage        = $StageDef.Name
        ok           = $false
        skipped      = $false
        reason       = $null
        duration_ms  = 0
    }

    try {
        & $StageDef.Worker
        $result.ok = $true
        if ($script:_StageSkippedReason) {
            $result.skipped = $true
            $result.reason  = $script:_StageSkippedReason
        }
    } catch {
        $result.ok = $false
        $result.reason = "$_"
        throw
    } finally {
        $result.duration_ms = [int]([DateTime]::UtcNow - $start).TotalMilliseconds
        if ($Json -or $Stage) {
            # In stage-driver mode every stage emits a JSON line so the
            # caller can stream progress.  In default interactive mode we
            # stay silent here (the worker already wrote human output).
            $result | ConvertTo-Json -Compress | Write-Output
            # Tell the entry-point catch that we've already emitted a
            # frame for this failure (when $result.ok = $false), so it
            # doesn't double-emit a second JSON object and break the
            # one-line-per-stage contract the driver protocol promises.
            if (-not $result.ok) {
                $script:_StageEmittedErrorFrame = $true
            }
        }
    }
}

# ============================================================================
# Main
# ============================================================================

function Invoke-AllStages {
    Step-OutOfInstallDir
    foreach ($s in $InstallStages) {
        Invoke-Stage -StageDef $s
    }
}

function Invoke-EnsureMode {
    param([string]$Deps)
    $depList = $Deps -split ","
    foreach ($dep in $depList) {
        $dep = $dep.Trim()
        switch ($dep) {
            "node" {
                [void](Test-Node)
                if (-not $script:HasNode) {
                    Write-Err "Node.js could not be installed"
                    exit 1
                }
            }
            "browser" {
                [void](Test-Node)
                if ($script:HasNode) {
                    Install-AgentBrowser
                } else {
                    Write-Err "Node.js is required for browser tools but could not be installed"
                    exit 1
                }
            }
            "ripgrep" {
                Write-Info "ripgrep: install manually on Windows (scoop install ripgrep)"
            }
            "ffmpeg" {
                Write-Info "ffmpeg: install manually on Windows (scoop install ffmpeg)"
            }
            default {
                Write-Err "Unknown dependency: $dep"
                exit 1
            }
        }
    }
}

function Invoke-PostInstallMode {
    Write-Info "Running post-install setup..."
    Invoke-EnsureMode -Deps "node,browser"
    Write-Info "Post-install complete"
}

function Main {
    Write-Banner
    Invoke-AllStages
    if (-not $Json) {
        Write-Completion
    } else {
        @{ ok = $true; protocol_version = $InstallStageProtocolVersion } | ConvertTo-Json -Compress | Write-Output
    }
}

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Entry-point dispatch
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# All branches funnel through one try/catch so errors don't kill an `irm |
# iex` PowerShell session, and so failures in stage-driver mode produce a
# structured JSON error frame instead of a bare exception.

# Dot-sourcing loads the installer's real functions for isolated behavioral
# tests without running an install. Normal script and `irm | iex` entry points
# are unchanged.
if ($MyInvocation.InvocationName -eq ".") {
    return
}

try {
    if ($Ensure -ne "") {
        if ($PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey("Stage")) {
            Write-Err "Cannot use -Ensure and -Stage simultaneously"
            exit 1
        }
        Invoke-EnsureMode -Deps $Ensure
        exit 0
    }
    if ($PostInstall) {
        Invoke-PostInstallMode
        exit 0
    }

    if ($ProtocolVersion) {
        Write-Output $InstallStageProtocolVersion
        exit 0
    }

    if ($ShowResolvedPaths) {
        $script:ResolvedPathReport | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 5 -Compress | Write-Output
        exit 0
    }

    if ($Manifest) {
        $payload = @{
            protocol_version = $InstallStageProtocolVersion
            stages = @($InstallStages | ForEach-Object {
                @{
                    name             = $_.Name
                    title            = $_.Title
                    category         = $_.Category
                    needs_user_input = $_.NeedsUserInput
                }
            })
        }
        $payload | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 5 -Compress | Write-Output
        exit 0
    }

    # Use PSBoundParameters rather than $Stage truthiness so that an
    # explicit `-Stage ""` from a misbehaving driver doesn't fall through
    # to the full-install Main path and silently kick off a destructive
    # operation.  Empty string is a contract violation; surface it as
    # unknown-stage exit 2 with a structured JSON frame.
    if ($PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey("Stage")) {
        $def = Get-InstallStage -Name $Stage
        if (-not $def) {
            $err = @{
                ok     = $false
                stage  = $Stage
                reason = "unknown stage: $Stage. Run install.ps1 -Manifest to list valid stages."
            }
            $err | ConvertTo-Json -Compress | Write-Output
            exit 2
        }
        Step-OutOfInstallDir
        Invoke-Stage -StageDef $def
        exit 0
    }

    # Default: full install (today's behavior, plus optional -NonInteractive
    # and -Json layered on by the params above).
    Main
} catch {
    if ($Json -or $Stage) {
        # Stage-driver mode: caller wants JSON they can parse.  Emit a
        # structured error frame and exit non-zero -- BUT only if
        # Invoke-Stage didn't already emit one for this same failure.
        # The inner finally emits the authoritative per-stage frame
        # (with duration_ms + skipped fields); a second emit here
        # would produce two concatenated JSON objects on stdout and
        # break drivers that parse one-line-per-invocation.
        if (-not $script:_StageEmittedErrorFrame) {
            $err = @{
                ok     = $false
                stage  = if ($Stage) { $Stage } else { $null }
                reason = "$_"
            }
            $err | ConvertTo-Json -Compress | Write-Output
        }
        exit 1
    }

    # Interactive mode: keep today's friendly recovery hint.
    Write-Host ""
    Write-Err "Installation failed: $_"
    Write-Host ""
    Write-Info "If the error is unclear, try downloading and running the script directly:"
    Write-Host "  Invoke-WebRequest -Uri 'https://hermes-agent.nousresearch.com/install.ps1' -OutFile install.ps1" -ForegroundColor Yellow
    Write-Host "  .\install.ps1" -ForegroundColor Yellow
    Write-Host ""
}
