<img width="1063" height="313" alt="causal-learn-logo" src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/1abe5fd8-6018-467d-b7a7-f5886dc799eb" />

Causal-learn ([documentation](https://causal-learn.readthedocs.io/en/latest/), [paper](https://jmlr.org/papers/volume25/23-0970/23-0970.pdf)) is an open-source platform for causal learning with both classical and state-of-the-art causal discovery algorithms. It aims to recover causal structure from observational data, without requiring interventional experiments, while offering provable correctness guarantees.

The package is actively being developed. Feedback (issues, suggestions, etc.) would be greatly appreciated.

# News

Causal discovery is now available **anytime**, **anywhere**!

Check out our latest online agentic version of causal-learn: [causallearn.com](https://causallearn.com)

# Package Overview

Our causal-learn implements methods for causal discovery:

* Constraint-based causal discovery methods.
* Score-based causal discovery methods.
* Causal discovery methods based on constrained functional causal models.
* Hidden causal representation learning.
* Permutation-based causal discovery methods.
* Granger causality.
* Multiple utilities for building your own method, such as independence tests, score functions, graph operations, and evaluations.

# Install

Causal-learn needs the following packages to be installed beforehand:

* python 3 (>=3.7)
* numpy
* networkx
* pandas
* scipy
* scikit-learn
* statsmodels
* pydot

(For visualization)

* matplotlib
* graphviz

To use causal-learn, we could install it using [pip](https://pypi.org/project/causal-learn/):

```
pip install causal-learn
```


# Documentation

Please kindly refer to [causal-learn Doc](https://causal-learn.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) for detailed tutorials and usages.

# Running examples

For search methods in causal discovery, there are various running examples in the **‘tests’** directory, such as TestPC.py and TestGES.py.

For the implemented modules, such as (conditional) independent test methods, we provide unit tests for the convenience of developing your own methods.

# Benchmarks

For the convenience of our community, [CMU-CLeaR](https://www.cmu.edu/dietrich/causality) group maintains a list of benchmark datasets including real-world scenarios and various learning tasks. Please refer to the following links:

* [https://github.com/cmu-phil/example-causal-datasets](https://github.com/cmu-phil/example-causal-datasets) (maintained by Joseph Ramsey)
* [https://www.cmu.edu/dietrich/causality/projects/causal_learn_benchmarks](https://www.cmu.edu/dietrich/causality/projects/causal_learn_benchmarks)

Please feel free to let us know if you have any recommendations regarding causal datasets with high-quality. We are grateful for any effort that benefits the development of the causality community.


# Contribution

Please feel free to open an issue if you find anything unexpected.
And please create pull requests, perhaps after passing unittests in 'tests/', if you would like to contribute to causal-learn.
We are always targeting to make our community better!

# Running Tetrad in Python

Although causal-learn provides Python implementations for many causal discovery algorithms, there are more in the classical Java-based [Tetrad](https://github.com/cmu-phil/tetrad) program. For users who would like to incorporate arbitrary Java code in Tetrad as part of a Python workflow, we strongly recommend considering [py-tetrad](https://github.com/cmu-phil/py-tetrad). Here is a list of [reusable examples](https://github.com/cmu-phil/py-tetrad/tree/main/pytetrad) of how to painlessly benefit from the most comprehensive Tetrad Java codebase.

# Citation

Please cite as:

```
@article{zheng2024causal,
  title={Causal-learn: Causal discovery in python},
  author={Zheng, Yujia and Huang, Biwei and Chen, Wei and Ramsey, Joseph and Gong, Mingming and Cai, Ruichu and Shimizu, Shohei and Spirtes, Peter and Zhang, Kun},
  journal={Journal of Machine Learning Research},
  volume={25},
  number={60},
  pages={1--8},
  year={2024}
}
```
