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ΪĿǡ󿨴ġԺ롰߶ȳ󡱣high level abstractionΪն

Ϊ˼ִ·ǿҪ󣺷˼뷽ѵϲˣûʸ漰ۺۣΪ˵Ĵëǽ֦ΪһЩ֦ڵ谭򡱷ָ·

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ˣ۲δ׷ѡĻջ񣬱ȹȥΪȻڼ֮У۵ʱ򣻵еҲ˵ˡϣһ׵ۣ峯ҶһܽᣬӸϽ⡣

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һֻʹĻϹҷʭִʫڶֻǳ󻭡ִִֻ֡ʫսƽϢ󻭵ִִֵ߳Ѿ¶ߣͻǵϦ¡ϲǣᲢộִյĽȻϾѾʼˡ

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һֱҪһ죺ʫʫּ֣һҹĴͳһֱҪһ죬йִղȡõϵͳλйո˲ʽʼʱͳĻɻģҲȻȻػ봫ͳִյǶĻսĿϿֲܾˬصȡԡһ˶ҽ巢һۺϵĿΪ˼֮һһשϡ

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82գ̨ϷĻҼϣĻʿԽһԵʹþŷִһ־ϵĳ·⻰½βĻðˣ

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ͬνͶ顷㲻ìܡָ

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ŷȫģʵȫ̡롰ʶǴġֱȡҪĻ֮ѡԵĲɣǶйĻӦе̬ȡ

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ڶҪָǣʱ˹⾪סԤء

ǿ˴۱Ļ˶ʮĻ˶λȽƫĿţ̼ġΣΪأϧɽ֮ۡеһǣйĻǷӦñ֡йλšȫ򡰳绯ӣйĻļֵȻŷйλ21ճġǡ¿سһƪġ̸Ļ˿Ϊ٣ҲΪƫеšԡоšԡԽǰĴ족šǣʵ⣬δҪȡйλġ˵ǹĻһ»ģοôĶԺϲأ˴ɲصġûйɲ³ִֵǾѧԡϲ͡⡯ڱ۰˿ˣǺڡСĽǸСȡϡıҪԡ֡ΪĿıҪ֮ﻹ޳ɱ֡йλģԸȻţԸù֮뱣Сñټһ׷бһͽ̣ҷʮͽ̣Ҳ޳ʮͽ̣Ϊ׷ٵԣԷԼҶٵ̣ʵɵõҷŵĽŵİ취Чϡ䶯ȻЧĺãΪǱĹ粵ĵȴڱϱ粵һ

һ֮⼰һҪ㡣Ǵ֮ʮйĻʵкģĻǡйλģɣԸ෢ۣա֮Чһģʮͱʾúʱ˵ȫġȫ̽ˣĻġԡȻʹΪһе͵йλĻ̸ѡУֻбڶѡ˵Բ桮йλǡĻ䶯ĽᾧƷȻһйλĻǺ޿ɵġǻֻĻһƤëʱ򣬳̸졯ǴԲѣ̸ҲΪһʱֵĻ

ϸζ֮λͿ˼ʮһʵ飺һ˼ҿͷеͣѡգԽǰĻأٽʿˣʿ޳ǰ߿ͷţǵϣڿͷϷǰߵš֮ɡߣʵǣһǣͳɣɡʵȴɡҶһԲԣΥֱۣ֮ȻŪҵġΪָʱ˹⾪ףԤءǵѧӦһǿϣ֤ϽǾСȦת˴˲˵Ļۼʮ꣬Ҳδж³ɾ͡

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Ҫ͹ۺⶨһŭļֵǲܲ˵ɰĵطҲɶĵطŭɫǣߣĿУЩĳûһòǳŤģıɵһ棬ξҪȥЩ˵αϻƤŭĿɰǣηǿһУҲţ˻ĳĳָʹĴ֣ⲻʵԱãҲޣԸӢԸκ˵ָʹʹԼӡԣ˼˵ڵȴ޽ɡΪһʹ˾ʹ̨֮峤һ꣬˼ʵûг·ֱóݺݵسһԴһ˵ĳҲ͹۵᷽壬ȷǳɾһŭĵ͡ǷŭĿɰֹη˔ɥж峬ȡ׵ƻһм̤һУ޼ֵֻ£κκҲûεԾҪȥѰһЩõĶɵȱ©ŭǾκʵĳɾ͵ġҪѧʾ͵ɷŭתǱҪ¹ҪӷŭתзжǷŭתģǵܵõյܳʵȻϵȵģΪͨľпƣиܣҪɣҪ

ҷŭ

ǶŭȴЩʲôأǣȺŭŭȴһŭꡱֱͬݺݵغ˻ȥǲӳԽȥղŭĳͬŭҪͷŭվͬһһϡڡߺʡֻ֮˵һ䣬Ļ˶ǵһ󶫷磬ⲻɧī͹õһݴʶѣֵµȥã֣ѧں׿λȴǶԺʵĲд˳ʷݣҪ֤һ󶫷ĴĪеģĻ˶ļȷ沢Ա˰ĺʣǴ˰ĳ¶㡣ӿ͹۷濴һ۱Ŀʵûʲô塣˵ƴӻһĻ𣬡Ӣۡ͡ʱơضǲܹȱٵģʷϾûһһ˼߱£ƾһ¾棬һѾüʱȴ˵÷֮쵼һ㷲ӹĴڣһµĵ·ȥһ۵㿴ʹȻ쵼֮һ¶ͬ쵼֮һ˴˳ͷԻˣȫǱ˴ϧ˼ܹϸֵó˭˭أ֣ѧ׿λһȴ˷ŭı뷴ˡԭŭķŭûһĶ˭ͼҪ˭ˣ˾˰֣ѧ׿λ۵ݺݵĲһͨһȥڳǶλĴ̣ԭ֣ѧָΪɣ׿ҲԺתΪģΪˡס䲻ʮ̨峤˵ˡϸ˵ȫǸɺϵɵĺ۷Ѿγɷŭĸܣ͹۷ϼĻԵټһݰĻп־һЩù˻ĳߵ˲һĻΪ֪ġˡ㿴̬еغ֩޵ԻͶɱʱһǻ⡣ҪɨܵңȴȥѰڳǻĸ֮ڴ۵жϣ˭ַ㱻ΪʮңαҪȥǵαòϳ׼ŪŭԻдˡ̸Ļ˿ʮһλѧ֮󣬵һͶı˵ڹĿΣõôѧһİɣдıϾֻһ̶̵ķõĶͶѣȴڳȥʹһͨͬʱôҲʮֲţʲôɡŮ£ָûѧûֺ֪õǽɡںԭд˳ƪ۵ȻܵĶˣƲ˫ѧǷǲ̸Ĵ𸴵ȷˣֶεģоٺԭġìܡʮʵڲܲ˵òϷŪһˡԭɲλáڴ̡̣ĻȾɱ֮࣬롶ǡ¯Ӱ졶ۡ͡ą̇̄Ϸһ²̬ˡ

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ȻѾֵͥˣչԺƣηչأҪسظȻǾ޿ܣǺʵڲһλݲˣҲһֱʾԼһź͸˫˵ŬѾǰĹӾӺȻͽˣĴҲʼһֱǳģ˵ֻҪǡԸǸʱԳؿߣһȴʼδΪǡܣµʼδܵõ

Թߵһʵڲܹ̣֪ǡΪʲôһҪһоܾףΪ²ǵõ˴İԮԾ޿֣ȷ˰˼⡣˵һ˺곤˰ܣ˫жԴһ㲻˱˵ĹǷǷѸλ̫ĹȴǿۡñӡˡСҲʵڸõǸٴһ˵һԡǡΪӡǡʦٶԭɹб۵ķʽԿҴҾķǸյʱˣܺͳҶ󣬱ͷϲһҲˣī˾̱ûνʤǸҲʾһӦеķȶѣֵԺȴģΪԺþĲǡĻǡ̰䲻Ӧֹһŭꡱһ˵һһչ̣һʱʵ㲻ʲôžࡶʷʱȻ䶯һʱҲûûŵسȥϣҪģƻĺǽ裬䲻һмҪµĸİӣ㾡ȥѰԼ°ӣҪѱʱ˷νķͥϡնһеľĲǴڵ䣬ϵĺȲʡɪĸӢ壬˲ǳʽڽء

Ȼ˵һҪˡҲûʸλ֮ĵˣҵĻȷԴ󲿷ֵṫۡ

˫ر׼

ЩۣǷǶԴҶ˵ʲôֻһ㣬ǹ˵ԭʵڲһλݲˡĻҵĸζҵϣԭڡġ֮ڣ֤ʵǿд䡣

Ĵôӡ顱£ԡ顱۵ءڡ顱棬Ȼ֪˫жԴΪʲôȴһȴáһǸڡ棬ȻػԭֶαĺԭĳΪȻֻڡǷѸλ̫һϣΪСۡñӡĴǾԲۡʵߡȾԭ״ֹڡǷѸλֹ̫ڡۡñӡ㿴ҵĵһη״գ

Ϊߣ51ֵ953ŷ̰һ˺ԭ׷ӷɣ¡Ե˼߱ش󣬲֪Լ죬£6£22𣬹Ȼ飨֤˷粻ɳ֤̰ŹȻɿ⡷Էܷ̰֮£ȳص

һܷΪ顱֤ҳ10

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ġڷԺδоǰܷΪԷ̰Ϊרҵ֤ǰҳ6̰ߡ֤ҳ65̰ߡ֤ҳ77̨̰ߡ֤ҳ80ְҵ̰ߡ֤ҳ14ԸѹӶĳ̰н֮ӡ֤ҳ17

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Щ֤룬ǷǵġȾƺ˼˵ԭʲôǷѡʲô̫ʲôۡñӡĻ˰գƺÿǿָԭֹڿۡñӡں˰գ

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ҲνԡҲй˲ʺ۶ԼĹĻսӡǵҲֵǿһ

ҵһλӡѣݴѧйоCenter For Chinese Studies, University of California BerkeleyĹʣRalph CCroizierر196379·ݵ׶ءйThe Chinese Quarterly15ڸҿһڡ̨רšɹѧDrMark Mancall֣һƪMei Wen-liġThe Intellectuals on Formosaݹ岿֣

The Cultural Desert

The Anglo-Americans

Heretical Thoughts

The Confused Outlook of Youth

Isolation

ƪڵĲThe Confused outlook of YouthᵽĻսսеġһĵӢۡa popular hero

Nevertheless, there is a clearly discernible nihilist tendency among the younger intellectuals. Few young men on Formosa would label themselves as nihilists, because the translation of the wordnihilism hsu-wu-chu-i, means emptiness,  Lack  of  commitment to any principle, but it does not carry the idealistic sense of the original word.

A recent example of this tendency is the debate, which started in January 1962, on theproblem of East and West. The young intellectuals, both Formosan and mainlanders, mostly graduates or students of National Formosa University, are defying Chinese tradition as well as all the older intellectuals who have defended it. Li Ngao, a mainlander student of history, became a popular hero among the young people after he mercilessly condemned, in print, a host of older intellectuals from Liang Shou-ming to Chien Mu. The more serious articles written by Formosan students beaded by Hung Ch'eng-wan, advocated a wholesale Westernization as a substitute for the present society on Formosa. But none of them, however, attempted to clarify the concept of the West or differentiate Western civilization into ancient, medieval and modern, or into different national or regional types. Significantly, however, no young intellectual spoke up for the Chinese tradition. The older men acknowledged their intellectual impotency when they sought legal and political means to end the debate. Since the young critics have never been to the West, nor are well versed in Western languages and learningalthough they pompously cited many American books and English terms in their articles,their plea for Westernization is at least symbolic of their disgust with the present situation.

7 The discussions on the cultural problem are mainly in the 1962 issues of Wen HsingLiterary StarTaipei .

Щ֣ΪǺָص֣壬ͳ뷴ͳ֮Լһǡ÷ɺֶȥ˽սȵȣֵһ˼ģ˼ǲŻΪʲô۶ĻսֶЦϡ

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1964ԪΪдһƪй˼һ𰸡ҵġΪй˼𰸡ܼ򵥵ĹӦߵ·ҺԵҪйͳĻҵĺҪִĻܲغӦڡ̸Ļ˿һ۵㡪йͳĻǷչ´󺣹ͬ۵㣬дŸ˵ΪдƪĴǲġʮй֮ҵĻԭ֮һǴͳĻʧȥӦҪᳫйĻǡ޼ܡ

Ҹ󺣹۵ˬȷ

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ҵ۵ܽӽģڹ뺣ҲַԾټ

͘oдһƪ׷֮ۡȫ⡷ġйѧ˵

Ļ·ߣһֱ֮ǰΪ۱⡣̨塢ۣһЩʿ׷ƫǲᷢԼĹʧǧǧҵУ֤˺ȷģҲ֤лǰ;г·ġ

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ȫֻĻߵһνݣ˵ҪĸضĹѧϰͬҪӢҪҪ¹ǲܵģָǽĹңĻѴﵽһͬı׼ĻҲԿѧҵ쵼Ļѧҵѳ˽ĻҵĻѾΪһ¡һĻҪûȫĸĻγһµĻǲܽĻģ罫Ȼ̭

ΪͨĹϵʹκһΪӽһƶȣһڽ˼֮£ڿѧ͹ҵķʽһ׼ȥչ׼ĻģʽѾû಻ͬʽľɵĻڻԺܴǰ׷׼ĻȻĻġ

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֮ʱйѧΪ塢ѧΪõĿںţʱѾȫ֮ͬںţʱⲻǾܾѧǰΪ칤·绤Ի˵ǽġѳ֮ʱҪ֮ľɻʲԷ⣬ͺˡѴѧΪʱȴǾȻԾ׵ᣬǾͲ˼ʮѧһһˡ

ԼǵĹ壬ټǵ壬壬ѧΪ壿ѧΪأѹˣǾͲӦԷ񶨡

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һˣȫĽ᲻Ӱ쵽ҵĶ徫ķǲعǵģΪȫָѧʽ̬һҵ徫һеĹĻĻĻȫıԺȻǴڵģǷɱռԺȫȡ徫˿δʧɫУȥڽʷϵĴͳ⣬棬ȫŷʽģɫе徫ǿҵġڷ˹ңȥĻʵ޶ĹĻԣǽ徫Ĳεֵע⣡̩ߵȫ·Ȼһ̹ңߵȫ·Ȼһؽ̹ңҲδɥʧ徫Ǽȫ·ҲάµձһеĻȫɥʧ徫ɥʧ徫ʵģΪڴ콫ΪȥʱطĹֻӣŬֻһ仧뷨Ǿϣлһ޳Ϣ塣

ȻҪ⣬µ⡣ӹǵģȫּ޳ͻġȫָԿѧΪĻΪһлѧһлڵºڽԿɺ¹֮УศɽйĻļ˵ɫмӣ֤ڷȫĻˣųѧ֮̽ģ⻰ȻҾ⣩ǾǷſѧ֮̽ˣҲӦĻ

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͘oֽһ˵

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ѧ壬ѧΪáһںţȷ֮ΪһΪĻ绤һȴҲǶԼĽǰڣΪԣеʵȴѡΪöֱָ硰塱ָеĵ£áָĿѧ濴ȻʵѼΪѧѧ˱Ͽѧϣѧǡ塱ǡáϿѧֻǡáѣǾҡڿѧģԿѧֵĹֻѧһƤëκεĳɾ͡۵ѧѧǲŵģѧѧ߼Ȳ۵Ǿʹ۵Ȼ

ΣǰڵȷҶѧʣǹȥΪѧΪ塱κѧʣȻѧμӹɷ֣ǲģִѧѾ˹磬ִѧĳ̶ȣԶڹȥĳɷϣǻԴ˹ʲԷ⣬ǼֱǻЦõĹҲ޷ܡ

Ϊ˿ѧҪйǷǽκαɣҲֻȫ·ߡȻȫķΧҲüԳġ



ȣҪ۵ģǳȥչءáַʽ⣬Ƿֻȫһ·б·ߡʽ˵ֲͬʽ

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